الْحِصْنُ الْحَصِينُ
al-Ḥiṣn al-Ḥaṣīn
THE IMPREGNABLE FORTRESS
From the Words of the Master of the Messengers
مِنْ كَلَامِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ ﷺ
IMAM IBN AL-JAZARĪ
Abū al-Khayr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Ibn al-Jazarī · d. 833 AH
فَضْلُ الْقُرْآنِ الْعَظِيمِ وَسُوَرٍ مِنْهُ وَآيَاتٍ
faḍlu al-qurʾāni al-ʿaẓīmi wa-suwarin minhu wa-ʾāyātin
THE MERIT OF THE GLORIOUS QUR'AN, SOME OF ITS SURAHS, AND SOME VERSES
«اقْرَؤُوا الْقُرْآنَ، فَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شَفِيعًا لِأَصْحَابِهِ» [م].
«iqraʾū al-qurʾāna, fa-ʾinnahu yaʾtī yawma al-qiyāmati shafīʿan li-ʾaṣḥābihi» [م].
“Recite the Qur'an, for on the Day of Resurrection it will come as an intercessor for those devoted to it” [م].
«يَقُولُ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى: مَنْ شَغَلَهُ الْقُرْآنُ عَنْ ذِكْرِي وَمَسْأَلَتِي، أَعْطَيْتُهُ أَفْضَلَ مَا أُعْطِي السَّائِلِينَ».
«yaqūlu Allāhu subḥānahu wa-taʿālā: man shaghalahu al-qurʾānu ʿan dhikrī wa-masʾalatī, ʾaʿṭaytuhu ʾafḍala mā ʾuʿṭī al-sāʾilīna».
“Allah, Glorified and Exalted, says: Whoever is kept busy by the Qur'an from remembering Me and asking of Me, I give them better than what I give those who ask.”
«وَفَضْلُ كَلَامِ اللَّهِ عَلَى سَائِرِ الْكَلَامِ كَفَضْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَى خَلْقِهِ» [ت، م، ي].
«wa-faḍlu kalāmi Allāhi ʿalā sāʾiri al-kalāmi kafaḍli Allāhi taʿālā ʿalā khalqihi» [ت، م، ي].
“The superiority of Allah's speech over all other speech is like the superiority of Allah Most High over His creation” [ت، م، ي].
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَاقْرَؤُوهُ، فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ الْقُرْآنِ لِمَنْ تَعَلَّمَهُ، فَقَرَأَهُ، وَقَامَ بِهِ، كَمَثَلِ جِرَابٍ مُلِئَ مِسْكًا، يَفُوحُ رِيحُهُ فِي كُلِّ مَكَانٍ؛ وَمَثَلُ مَنْ يَتَعَلَّمُهُ، فَيَرْقُدُ وَهُوَ فِي جَوْفِهِ، كَمَثَلِ جِرَابٍ أُوكِيَ عَلَى مِسْكٍ» [ت، س، ق، حب].
«taʿallamū al-qurʾāna wa-iqraʾūhu, fa-ʾinna mathala al-qurʾāni liman taʿallamahu, fa-qaraʾahu, wa-qāma bihi, kamathali jirābin muliʾa miskan, yafūḥu rīḥuhu fī kulli makānin; wa-mathalu man yataʿallamuhu, fa-yarqudu wa-huwa fī jawfihi, kamathali jirābin ʾūkiya ʿalā miskin» [ت، س، ق، حب].
“Learn the Qur'an and recite it. The example of the Qur'an for one who learns it, recites it, and stands in prayer with it is that of a bag filled with musk whose fragrance spreads everywhere. The example of one who learns it, then sleeps while it is within him, is that of a bag of musk whose mouth has been tied shut” [ت، س، ق، حب].
«مَنْ قَرَأَ حَرْفًا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَهُ بِهِ حَسَنَةٌ، وَالْحَسَنَةُ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا، لَا أَقُولُ «الٓمٓ» حَرْفٌ: أَلِفٌ حَرْفٌ، وَلَامٌ حَرْفٌ، وَمِيمٌ حَرْفٌ» [ت].
«man qaraʾa ḥarfan min kitābi Allāhi fa-lahu bihi ḥasanatun, wa-l-ḥasanatu biʿashri ʾamthālihā, lā ʾaqūlu «ʾAlif Lām Mīm» ḥarfun: ʾalifun ḥarfun, wa-lāmun ḥarfun, wa-mīmun ḥarfun» [ت].
“Whoever recites one letter from the Book of Allah receives one good deed for it, and each good deed is multiplied tenfold. I do not say that ‘Alif-Lam-Mim’ is one letter: alif is one letter, lam is one letter, and mim is one letter” [ت].
«لَا حَسَدَ إِلَّا فِي اثْنَتَيْنِ: رَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْقُرْآنَ، فَهُوَ يَقُومُ بِهِ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَآنَاءَ النَّهَارِ، وَرَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا فَهُوَ يُنْفِقُهُ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ وَآنَاءَ النَّهَارِ» [خ، م].
«lā ḥasada ʾillā fī ithnatayni: rajulun ʾātāhu Allāhu al-qurʾāna, fa-huwa yaqūmu bihi ʾānāʾa al-layli wa-ʾānāʾa al-nahāri, wa-rajulun ʾātāhu Allāhu mālan fa-huwa yunfiquhu ʾānāʾa al-layli wa-ʾānāʾa al-nahāri» [خ، م].
“There is no rightful envy except in two cases: a man to whom Allah has given the Qur'an and who stands in prayer with it throughout the night and day, and a man to whom Allah has given wealth and who spends it throughout the night and day” [خ، م].
«وَيُقَالُ لِصَاحِبِ الْقُرْآنِ: اقْرَأْ، وَارْتَقِ، وَرَتِّلْ كَمَا كُنْتَ تُرَتِّلُ فِي الدُّنْيَا، فَإِنَّ مَنْزِلَتَكَ عِنْدَ آخِرِ آيَةٍ تَقْرَؤُهَا» [د، ت].
«wa-yuqālu liṣāḥibi al-qurʾāni: iqraʾ, wa-irtaqi, wa-rattil kamā kunta turattilu fī al-dunyā, fa-ʾinna manzilataka ʿinda ʾākhiri ʾāyatin taqraʾuhā» [د، ت].
“It will be said to the companion of the Qur'an, ‘Recite and ascend, and recite with measured cadence as you used to recite in this world, for your rank will be at the last verse you recite’” [د، ت].
«الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ مَاهِرٌ بِهِ مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ»،
«alladhī yaqraʾu al-qurʾāna wa-huwa māhirun bihi maʿa al-safarati al-kirāmi al-bararati»,
“The one who recites the Qur'an and is proficient in it will be with the noble and righteous scribes,”
(١) الْجِرَابُ: الْوِعَاءُ.
(1) al-jirābu: al-wiʿāʾu.
(1) A jirab is a bag or container.
(٢) مَاهِرٌ بِهِ: أَيْ حَاذِقٌ فِي حِفْظِهِ وَتِلَاوَتِهِ لَا يَتَوَقَّفُ وَلَا يَتَرَدَّدُ عِنْدَ تِلَاوَتِهِ، وَلَا يَشُقُّ عَلَيْهِ قِرَاءَتُهُ لِجَوْدَةِ حِفْظِهِ وَحُسْنِ أَدَائِهِ.
(2) māhirun bihi: ʾay ḥādhiqun fī ḥifẓihi wa-tilāwatihi lā yatawaqqafu wa-lā yataraddadu ʿinda tilāwatihi, wa-lā yashuqqu ʿalayhi qirāʾatuhu lijawdati ḥifẓihi wa-ḥusni ʾadāʾihi.
(2) “Proficient in it” means skilled in memorizing and reciting it: the person neither stops nor hesitates while reciting, and finds its recitation easy because of sound memorization and fine delivery.
وَالسَّفَرَةُ الْكِرَامُ: هُمُ الرُّسُلُ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، وَقِيلَ الْمُرَادُ بِالسَّفَرَةِ الْكَتَبَةُ الَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ أَعْمَالَ الْعِبَادِ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، وَالْبَرَرَةُ الْمُطِيعُونَ، مِنَ الْبِرِّ وَهُوَ الطَّاعَةُ.
wa-l-safaratu al-kirāmu: humu al-rusulu mina al-malāʾikati, wa-qīla al-murādu bi-l-safarati al-katabatu alladhīna yaktubūna ʾaʿmāla al-ʿibādi mina al-malāʾikati, wa-l-bararatu al-muṭīʿūna, mina al-birri wa-huwa al-ṭāʿatu.
“The noble scribes” are the angelic messengers. It is also said that the scribes are the angels who record people's deeds. “The righteous” are those who are obedient; the word comes from birr, meaning obedience.
«وَالَّذِي يَقْرَؤُهُ وَيَتَتَعْتَعُ فِيهِ(١)، وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَاقٌّ، لَهُ أَجْرَانِ» [خ، م].
«wa-alladhī yaqraʾuhu wa-yatataʿtaʿu fīhi(1), wa-huwa ʿalayhi shāqqun, lahu ʾajrāni» [خ، م].
“While the one who recites it, stumbling over it(1) and finding it difficult, will have two rewards” [خ، م].
«الْفَاتِحَةُ»:
«al-fātiḥatu»:
Surat al-Fatihah:
«أَعْظَمُ سُورَةٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ، هِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي، وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ» [خ، د، س، ق].
«ʾaʿẓamu sūratin mina al-qurʾāni, hiya al-sabʿu al-mathānī, wa-l-qurʾānu al-ʿaẓīmu» [خ، د، س، ق].
“It is the greatest surah in the Qur'an; it is the Seven Oft-Repeated Verses and the Glorious Qur'an” [خ، د، س، ق].
«أُعْطِيتُ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ مِنْ تَحْتِ الْعَرْشِ» [مس].
«ʾuʿṭītu fātiḥata al-kitābi min taḥti al-ʿarshi» [مس].
“I was given the Opening of the Book from beneath the Throne” [مس].
بَيْنَا جِبْرِيلُ قَاعِدٌ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سَمِعَ نَقِيضًا مِنْ فَوْقِهِ، فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ: هَذَا مَلَكٌ نَزَلَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ لَمْ يَنْزِلْ قَطُّ إِلَّا الْيَوْمَ، فَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ:
baynā jibrīlu qāʿidun ʿinda al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam samiʿa naqīḍan min fawqihi, fa-rafaʿa raʾsahu fa-qāla: hādhā malakun nazala ʾilā al-ʾarḍi lam yanzil qaṭṭu ʾillā al-yawma, fa-sallama wa-qāla:
While Gabriel was sitting with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he heard a creaking sound above him. He raised his head and said, “This is an angel who descended to earth today and had never descended before.” The angel greeted them and said,
أَبْشِرْ بِنُورَيْنِ أُوتِيتَهُمَا لَمْ يُؤْتَهُمَا نَبِيٌّ قَبْلَكَ؛ فَاتِحَةُ الْكِتَابِ، وَخَوَاتِيمُ سُورَةِ «الْبَقَرَةِ»، لَنْ تَقْرَأَ بِحَرْفٍ مِنْهُمَا إِلَّا أُعْطِيتَهُ [م، س].
ʾabshir binūrayni ʾūtītahumā lam yuʾtahumā nabiyyun qablaka; fātiḥatu al-kitābi, wa-khawātīmu sūrati «al-baqarati», lan taqraʾa biḥarfin minhumā ʾillā ʾuʿṭītahu [م، س].
“Rejoice in two lights given to you that were not given to any prophet before you: the Opening of the Book and the concluding verses of Surat al-Baqarah. You will never recite a single letter from either of them without being given what it contains” [م، س].
«الْبَقَرَةُ»:
«al-baqaratu»:
Surat al-Baqarah:
«إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَفِرُّ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ فِيهِ «الْبَقَرَةَ»» [م، ت، س].
«ʾinna al-shayṭāna yafirru mina al-bayti alladhī yaqraʾu fīhi «al-baqarata»» [م، ت، س].
“Satan flees from a house in which Surat al-Baqarah is recited” [م، ت، س].
«اقْرَؤُوهَا، فَإِنَّ أَخْذَهَا بَرَكَةٌ، وَتَرْكَهَا حَسْرَةٌ، وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُهَا الْبَطَلَةُ(٢)» [م].
«iqraʾūhā, fa-ʾinna ʾakhdhahā barakatun, wa-tarkahā ḥasratun, wa-lā yastaṭīʿuhā al-baṭalatu(2)» [م].
“Recite it, for taking hold of it is a blessing, abandoning it brings regret, and sorcerers cannot withstand it”(2) [م].
«لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ سَنَامٌ(٣)، وَسَنَامُ الْقُرْآنِ «الْبَقَرَةُ»» [ت، مس، حب].
«likulli shayʾin sanāmun(3), wa-sanāmu al-qurʾāni «al-baqaratu»» [ت، مس، حب].
“Everything has a summit,(3) and the summit of the Qur'an is Surat al-Baqarah” [ت، مس، حب].
«مَنْ قَرَأَهَا لَيْلًا لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الشَّيْطَانُ بَيْتَهُ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ، وَمَنْ قَرَأَهَا نَهَارًا لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الشَّيْطَانُ بَيْتَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ» [حب].
«man qaraʾahā laylan lam yadkhuli al-shayṭānu baytahu thalātha layālin, wa-man qaraʾahā nahāran lam yadkhuli al-shayṭānu baytahu thalāthata ʾayyāmin» [حب].
“Whoever recites it at night, Satan will not enter that person's house for three nights; and whoever recites it by day, Satan will not enter that person's house for three days” [حب].
«أُعْطِيتُ «الْبَقَرَةَ» مِنَ الذِّكْرِ الْأَوَّلِ» [مس].
«ʾuʿṭītu «al-baqarata» mina al-dhikri al-ʾawwali» [مس].
“I was given Surat al-Baqarah from the scriptures revealed to the earlier prophets” [مس].
«الْبَقَرَةُ» وَ«آلُ عِمْرَانَ»:
«al-baqaratu» wa-«ʾālu ʿimrāna»:
Surat al-Baqarah and Surat Al ʿImran:
«اقْرَؤُوا الزَّهْرَاوَيْنِ: «الْبَقَرَةَ» وَ«آلَ عِمْرَانَ»، فَإِنَّهُمَا يَأْتِيَانِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ كَأَنَّهُمَا
«iqraʾū al-zahrāwayni: «al-baqarata» wa-«ʾāla ʿimrāna», fa-ʾinnahumā yaʾtiyāni yawma al-qiyāmati kaʾannahumā
“Recite the two radiant surahs, al-Baqarah and Al ʿImran, for on the Day of Resurrection they will come as though they were
(١) مِنَ التَّتَعْتُعِ وَهُوَ التَّرَدُّدُ فِي قِرَاءَتِهِ لِضَعْفِ حِفْظِهِ أَوْ لِثِقَلِ لِسَانِهِ.
(1) mina al-tataʿtuʿi wa-huwa al-taraddudu fī qirāʾatihi liḍaʿfi ḥifẓihi ʾaw lithiqali lisānihi.
(1) This comes from tataʿtuʿ, meaning hesitation in recitation because of weak memorization or difficulty of speech.
(٢) يُقَالُ أَبْطَلَ إِذَا جَاءَهُ بِالْبَاطِلِ، وَقِيلَ هُمْ مِنَ الشُّجْعَانِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَاطِلِ.
(2) yuqālu ʾabṭala ʾidhā jāʾahu bi-l-bāṭili, wa-qīla hum mina al-shujʿāni min ʾahli al-bāṭili.
(2) The verb abtala is used when someone brings falsehood. It is also said that they are bold people from among those devoted to falsehood.
(٣) سَنَامُ الشَّيْءِ أَعْلَاهُ.
(3) sanāmu al-shayʾi ʾaʿlāhu.
(3) The summit of something is its highest point.
غَمَامَتَانِ، أَوْ كَأَنَّهُمَا غَيَايَتَانِ، أَوْ كَأَنَّهُمَا فِرْقَانِ مِنْ طَيْرٍ صَوَافَّ، يُحَاجَّانِ(١) عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِمَا» [م].
ghamāmatāni, ʾaw kaʾannahumā ghayāyatāni, ʾaw kaʾannahumā firqāni min ṭayrin ṣawāffa, yuḥājjāni(1) ʿan ʾaṣḥābihimā» [م].
two clouds, or two canopies, or two flocks of birds in ranks with wings outspread, pleading the case(1) of their companions” [م].
آيَةُ الْكُرْسِيِّ:
ʾāyatu al-kursiyyi:
Ayat al-Kursi:
«هِيَ أَعْظَمُ آيَةٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ» [م، د].
«hiya ʾaʿẓamu ʾāyatin fī kitābi Allāhi» [م، د].
“It is the greatest verse in the Book of Allah” [م، د].
«هِيَ سَيِّدَةُ آيِ الْقُرْآنِ» [ت، حب، مس].
«hiya sayyidatu ʾāyi al-qurʾāni» [ت، حب، مس].
“It is the foremost verse of the Qur'an” [ت، حب، مس].
«لَا تَضَعْهَا عَلَى مَالٍ وَلَا وَلَدٍ فَيَقْرَبَهُ شَيْطَانٌ» [م].
«lā taḍaʿhā ʿalā mālin wa-lā waladin fa-yaqrabahu shayṭānun» [م].
“No property or child over which you recite it will be approached by a devil” [م].
الْآيَتَانِ: ﴿آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ...﴾ آخِرَ سُورَةِ «الْبَقَرَةِ»:
al-ʾāyatāni: ﴿ʾāmana al-rasūlu...﴾ ʾākhira sūrati «al-baqarati»:
The two verses beginning “The Messenger believes...” at the end of Surat al-Baqarah:
«وَلَا يُقْرَآنِ فِي دَارٍ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ، فَيَقْرَبَهَا شَيْطَانٌ» [ت، س، حب، مس].
«wa-lā yuqraʾāni fī dārin thalātha layālin, fa-yaqrabahā shayṭānun» [ت، س، حب، مس].
“They are not recited in a house for three nights without preventing Satan from coming near it” [ت، س، حب، مس].
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَتَمَ «الْبَقَرَةَ» بِآيَتَيْنِ أَعْطَانِيهِمَا مِنْ كَنْزِهِ الَّذِي تَحْتَ عَرْشِهِ، فَتَعَلَّمُوهُنَّ، وَعَلِّمُوهُنَّ نِسَاءَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ، فَإِنَّهَا صَلَاةٌ وَقُرْآنٌ وَدُعَاءٌ»(٢) [مس].
«ʾinna Allāha khatama «al-baqarata» biʾāyatayni ʾaʿṭānīhimā min kanzihi alladhī taḥta ʿarshihi, fa-taʿallamūhunna, wa-ʿallimūhunna nisāʾakum wa-ʾabnāʾakum, fa-ʾinnahā ṣalātun wa-qurʾānun wa-duʿāʾun»(2) [مس].
“Allah concluded Surat al-Baqarah with two verses that He gave me from His treasure beneath His Throne. Learn them and teach them to your wives and children, for they are prayer, Qur'an, and supplication”(2) [مس].
«الْأَنْعَامُ»:
«al-ʾanʿāmu»:
Surat al-Anʿam:
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ سَبَّحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «لَقَدْ شَيَّعَ(٣) هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مَا سَدُّوا الْأُفُقَ» [مس].
lammā nazalat sabbaḥa rasūlu Allāhi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam thumma qāla: «laqad shayyaʿa(3) hādhihi al-sūrata mina al-malāʾikati mā saddū al-ʾufuqa» [مس].
When it was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) glorified Allah and then said, “So many angels escorted this surah that they filled the horizon” (3) [مس].
«الْكَهْفُ»:
«al-kahfu»:
Surat al-Kahf:
«مَنْ قَرَأَهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَضَاءَ لَهُ مِنَ النُّورِ مَا بَيْنَ الْجُمُعَتَيْنِ» [مس].
«man qaraʾahā yawma al-jumuʿati ʾaḍāʾa lahu mina al-nūri mā bayna al-jumuʿatayni» [مس].
“Whoever recites it on Friday will have light shining for them from one Friday to the next” [مس].
«مَنْ قَرَأَهَا لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ أَضَاءَ لَهُ مِنَ النُّورِ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ» [مو، ي].
«man qaraʾahā laylata al-jumuʿati ʾaḍāʾa lahu mina al-nūri fīmā baynahu wa-bayna al-bayti al-ʿatīqi» [مو، ي].
“Whoever recites it on Friday night will have light shining for them across the distance between where they are and the Ancient House” [مو، ي].
«مَنْ قَرَأَهَا كَمَا أُنْزِلَتْ كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا مِنْ مَقَامِهِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، وَمَنْ قَرَأَ بِعَشْرِ آيَاتٍ مِنْ آخِرِهَا فَخَرَجَ الدَّجَّالُ لَمْ يُسَلَّطْ عَلَيْهِ» [س، مس].
«man qaraʾahā kamā ʾunzilat kānat lahu nūran min maqāmihi ʾilā makkata, wa-man qaraʾa biʿashri ʾāyātin min ʾākhirihā fa-kharaja al-dajjālu lam yusallaṭ ʿalayhi» [س، مس].
“Whoever recites it as it was revealed will have a light from where they stand all the way to Mecca. If someone recites ten verses from its end and the Antichrist appears, he will not be given power over that person” [س، مس].
(١) غَمَامَتَانِ: يَعْنِي سَحَابَتَيْنِ، وَإِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ غَمَامًا لِأَنَّهُ يَغُمُّ السَّمَاءَ أَيْ يَسْتُرُهَا.
(1) ghamāmatāni: yaʿnī saḥābatayni, wa-ʾinnamā summiya ghamāman liʾannahu yaghummu al-samāʾa ʾay yasturuhā.
(1) “Two clouds” means two masses of cloud. Cloud is called ghamam because it covers the sky—that is, it conceals it.
غَيَايَتَانِ: قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: الْغَيَايَةُ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ أَظَلَّ الْإِنْسَانَ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ كَالسَّحَابَةِ وَالْغَاشِيَةِ.
ghayāyatāni: qāla ʾabū ʿubaydin: al-ghayāyatu kullu shayʾin ʾaẓalla al-ʾinsāna fawqa raʾsihi ka-l-saḥābati wa-l-ghāshiyati.
“Two canopies”: Abu ʿUbayd said that a ghayah is anything that shades a person from above, such as a cloud or a covering.
فِرْقَانِ: تَثْنِيَةُ فِرْقٍ، وَهُوَ الْقِطَعُ، أَيْ قِطْعَتَانِ مِنْ طَيْرٍ صَوَافَّ بَاسِطَةٍ أَجْنِحَتَهَا حَالَ طَيَرَانِهَا.
firqāni: tathniyatu firqin, wa-huwa al-qiṭaʿu, ʾay qiṭʿatāni min ṭayrin ṣawāffa bāsiṭatin ʾajniḥatahā ḥāla ṭayarānihā.
“Two flocks”: firqan is the dual of firq, meaning a group. That is, two groups of birds in rows, spreading their wings as they fly.
يُحَاجَّانِ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِمَا: أَيْ يُقِيمَانِ الْحُجَّةَ لَهُ وَيُجَادِلَانِ عَنْهُ، وَصَاحِبُهُمَا هُوَ الْمُسْتَكْثِرُ مِنْ قِرَاءَتِهِمَا.
yuḥājjāni ʿan ʾaṣḥābihimā: ʾay yuqīmāni al-ḥujjata lahu wa-yujādilāni ʿanhu, wa-ṣāḥibuhumā huwa al-mustakthiru min qirāʾatihimā.
“Pleading the case of their companions” means presenting proof and arguing on their behalf. Their companion is the person who recites the two surahs frequently.
(٢) أَيْ يَقْرَأُ بِهِمَا الْمُصَلِّي فِي صَلَاتِهِ وَيَتْلُو بِهِمَا التَّالِي فِي تِلَاوَتِهِ وَيَدْعُو بِهِمَا الدَّاعِي فِي دُعَائِهِ.
(2) ʾay yaqraʾu bihimā al-muṣallī fī ṣalātihi wa-yatlū bihimā al-tālī fī tilāwatihi wa-yadʿū bihimā al-dāʿī fī duʿāʾihi.
(2) That is, a worshipper recites the two verses in prayer, a reciter reads them as Qur'an, and a supplicant uses them in supplication.
(٣) أَيْ نَزَلَ مُشَيَّعًا لَهَا.
(3) ʾay nazala mushayyaʿan lahā.
(3) That is, it descended while being escorted by them.
«مَنْ قَرَأَ سُورَةَ «الْكَهْفِ» كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، مِنْ مَقَامِهِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ، وَمَنْ قَرَأَ بِعَشْرِ آيَاتٍ مِنْ آخِرِهَا، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ الدَّجَّالُ، لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ» [طس].
«man qaraʾa sūrata «al-kahfi» kānat lahu nūran yawma al-qiyāmati, min maqāmihi ʾilā makkata, wa-man qaraʾa biʿashri ʾāyātin min ʾākhirihā, thumma kharaja al-dajjālu, lam yaḍurrahu» [طس].
“Whoever recites Surat al-Kahf will have a light on the Day of Resurrection stretching from where they stand to Mecca. If someone recites ten verses from its end and the Antichrist then appears, he will not harm that person” [طس].
«مَنْ حَفِظَ عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا عُصِمَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ [د، س] الدَّجَّالِ» [م، د، ت، س].
«man ḥafiẓa ʿashra ʾāyātin min ʾawwalihā ʿuṣima min fitnati [د، س] al-dajjāli» [م، د، ت، س].
“Whoever memorizes ten verses from its beginning will be protected from the trial of [د، س] the Antichrist” [م، د، ت، س].
مَنْ حَفِظَ عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ [م، د]. مَنْ قَرَأَ الْعَشْرَ [س] الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ «الْكَهْفِ» عُصِمَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدَّجَّالِ [م، د، س].
man ḥafiẓa ʿashra ʾāyātin [م، د]. man qaraʾa al-ʿashra [س] al-ʾawākhira min «al-kahfi» ʿuṣima min fitnati al-dajjāli [م، د، س].
Whoever memorizes ten verses [م، د]—whoever recites the last ten [س] verses of Surat al-Kahf—will be protected from the trial of the Antichrist [م، د، س].
مَنْ قَرَأَ ثَلَاثَ آيَاتٍ مِنْ أَوَّلِ «الْكَهْفِ» عُصِمَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدَّجَّالِ [ت].
man qaraʾa thalātha ʾāyātin min ʾawwali «al-kahfi» ʿuṣima min fitnati al-dajjāli [ت].
Whoever recites three verses from the beginning of Surat al-Kahf will be protected from the trial of the Antichrist [ت].
«مَنْ أَدْرَكَ الدَّجَّالَ فَلْيَقْرَأْ عَلَيْهِ فَوَاتِحَهَا...» الْحَدِيثَ [م، عه]، «فَإِنَّهَا جِوَارٌ لَهُ مِنْ فِتْنَتِهِ» [د].
«man ʾadraka al-dajjāla fa-lyaqraʾ ʿalayhi fa-wātiḥahā...» al-ḥadītha [م، عه], «fa-ʾinnahā jiwārun lahu min fitnatihi» [د].
“Whoever lives to see the Antichrist should recite the opening verses of the surah against him...” to the end of the hadith [م، عه], “for they will protect him from the Antichrist's trial” [د].
[طٰهٰ، وَالطَّوَاسِينُ، وَالْحَوَامِيمُ]:
[Ṭā Hā, wa-l-ṭawāsīnu, wa-l-ḥawāmīmu]:
Ta-Ha, the surahs beginning Ta-Sin, and the surahs beginning Ha-Mim:
«وَأُعْطِيتُ «طٰهٰ»، وَالطَّوَاسِينَ، وَالْحَوَامِيمَ، مِنْ أَلْوَاحِ مُوسَى» [مس].
«wa-ʾuʿṭītu «Ṭā Hā», wa-l-ṭawāsīna, wa-l-ḥawāmīma, min ʾalwāḥi mūsā» [مس].
“I was given Ta-Ha, the surahs beginning Ta-Sin, and the surahs beginning Ha-Mim from the Tablets of Moses” [مس].
[«يٰسٓ»]:
[«Yā Sīn»]:
Surat Ya-Sin:
«قَلْبُ الْقُرْآنِ «يٰسٓ»، لَا يَقْرَأُهَا رَجُلٌ يُرِيدُ اللَّهَ وَالدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ إِلَّا غُفِرَ لَهُ، اقْرَؤُوهَا عَلَى مَوْتَاكُمْ» [س، د، ق، حب].
«qalbu al-qurʾāni «Yā Sīn», lā yaqraʾuhā rajulun yurīdu Allāha wa-l-dāra al-ʾākhirata ʾillā ghufira lahu, iqraʾūhā ʿalā mawtākum» [س، د، ق، حب].
“The heart of the Qur'an is Ya-Sin. No one recites it seeking Allah and the Home of the Hereafter without being forgiven. Recite it over those who are dying” [س، د، ق، حب].
[«الْفَتْحُ»]:
[«al-fatḥu»]:
Surat al-Fath:
«الْفَتْحُ، هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا طَلَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسُ» [خ، س، ت].
«al-fatḥu, hiya ʾaḥabbu ʾilayya mimmā ṭalaʿat ʿalayhi al-shamsu» [خ، س، ت].
“Surat al-Fath is dearer to me than everything on which the sun has risen” [خ، س، ت].
[«الْمُلْكُ»]:
[«al-mulku»]:
Surat al-Mulk:
﴿تَبَارَكَ﴾ «الْمُلْكُ» ثَلَاثُونَ آيَةً، شَفَعَتْ لِرَجُلٍ حَتَّى غُفِرَ لَهُ [حب، عه، مس].
﴿tabāraka﴾ «al-mulku» thalāthūna ʾāyatan, shafaʿat lirajulin ḥattā ghufira lahu [حب، عه، مس].
“Blessed is He”—Surat al-Mulk—is thirty verses. It interceded for a man until he was forgiven [حب، عه، مس].
«تَسْتَغْفِرُ لِصَاحِبِهَا حَتَّى يُغْفَرَ لَهُ» [حب].
«tastaghfiru liṣāḥibihā ḥattā yughfara lahu» [حب].
“It seeks forgiveness for its companion until he is forgiven” [حب].
«وَدِدْتُ أَنَّهَا فِي قَلْبِ كُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ» [مس].
«wadidtu ʾannahā fī qalbi kulli muʾminin» [مس].
“I wish it were in the heart of every believer” [مس].
«يُؤْتَى الرَّجُلُ فِي قَبْرِهِ، فَتُؤْتَى رِجْلَاهُ فَتَقُولُ: لَيْسَ لَكُمْ عَلَى مَا قِبَلِي سَبِيلٌ، كَانَ يَقْرَأُ بِي سُورَةَ «الْمُلْكِ»،
«yuʾtā al-rajulu fī qabrihi, fa-tuʾtā rijlāhu fa-taqūlu: laysa lakum ʿalā mā qibalī sabīlun, kāna yaqraʾu bī sūrata «al-mulki»,
“When a man is approached in his grave, the approach is made from the direction of his feet. They say, ‘You have no way to reach him from our direction; he used to stand on us and recite Surat al-Mulk.’
ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى مِنْ صَدْرِهِ، مِنْ بَطْنِهِ، ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى مِنْ رَأْسِهِ، كُلٌّ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ، فَهِيَ تَمْنَعُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَهِيَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ، مَنْ قَرَأَهَا فِي لَيْلَةٍ فَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ وَأَطَابَ» [مو، مس].
thumma yuʾtā min ṣadrihi, min baṭnihi, thumma yuʾtā min raʾsihi, kullun yaqūlu dhālika, fa-hiya tamnaʿu min ʿadhābi al-qabri, wa-hiya fī al-tawrāti, man qaraʾahā fī laylatin fa-qad ʾakthara wa-ʾaṭāba» [مو، مس].
Then the approach is made from his chest—or his abdomen—and then from his head, and each says the same. It therefore protects from the punishment of the grave. It is mentioned in the Torah. Whoever recites it in a night has done much and done well” [مو، مس].
«الزَّلْزَلَةُ»
«al-zalzalatu»
SURAT AL-ZALZALAH
﴿إِذَا زُلْزِلَتْ﴾ رُبْعُ الْقُرْآنِ [ت].
﴿ʾidhā zulzilat﴾ rubʿu al-qurʾāni [ت].
“When the earth is shaken...” is one quarter of the Qur'an [ت].
«تَعْدِلُ نِصْفَ الْقُرْآنِ» [ت، مس].
«taʿdilu niṣfa al-qurʾāni» [ت، مس].
“It is equal to half of the Qur'an” [ت، مس].
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَقْرِئْنِي سُورَةً جَامِعَةً. فَأَقْرَأَهُ: ﴿إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا﴾ [الزَّلْزَلَةِ: ١] حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْهَا، فَقَالَ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَا أَزِيدُ عَلَيْهَا أَبَدًا. ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «أَفْلَحَ الرُّوَيْجِلُ» مَرَّتَيْنِ [د، س، مس، حب].
yā rasūla Allāhi, ʾaqriʾnī sūratan jāmiʿatan. fa-ʾaqraʾahu: ﴿ʾidhā zulzilati al-ʾarḍu zilzālahā﴾ [al-zalzalati: 1] ḥattā faragha minhā, fa-qāla: wa-alladhī baʿathaka bi-l-ḥaqqi lā ʾazīdu ʿalayhā ʾabadan. thumma ʾadbara al-rajulu, fa-qāla al-nabiyyu ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam: «ʾaflaḥa al-ruwayjilu» marratayni [د، س، مس، حب].
A man said, “Messenger of Allah, teach me a comprehensive surah.” He taught him: “When the earth is shaken with its final earthquake” [الزَّلْزَلَةِ: ١], and continued until he had finished the surah. The man said, “By the One who sent you with the truth, I will never add anything to it.” He then turned away, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said twice, “That man has prospered” [د، س، مس، حب].
[«الْكَافِرُونَ»]:
[«al-kāfirūna»]:
Surat al-Kafirun:
««الْكَافِرُونَ» رُبْعُ الْقُرْآنِ» [ت].
««al-kāfirūna» rubʿu al-qurʾāni» [ت].
“Surat al-Kafirun is one quarter of the Qur'an” [ت].
تَعْدِلُ رُبْعَ الْقُرْآنِ [ت، مس].
taʿdilu rubʿa al-qurʾāni [ت، مس].
It is equal to one quarter of the Qur'an [ت، مس].
[«الْكَافِرُونَ» وَ«الْإِخْلَاصُ»]:
[«al-kāfirūna» wa-«al-ʾikhlāṣu»]:
Surat al-Kafirun and Surat al-Ikhlas:
«نِعْمَ السُّورَتَانِ هُمَا يُقْرَآنِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ: «الْكَافِرُونَ» وَ«الْإِخْلَاصُ»» [حب].
«niʿma al-sūratāni humā yuqraʾāni fī al-rakʿatayni qabla al-fajri: «al-kāfirūna» wa-«al-ʾikhlāṣu»» [حب].
“What fine surahs to recite in the two units before dawn prayer: al-Kafirun and al-Ikhlas” [حب].
[«النَّصْرُ»]:
[«al-naṣru»]:
Surat al-Nasr:
﴿إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ﴾ [النَّصْرِ: ١] رُبْعُ الْقُرْآنِ [ت].
﴿ʾidhā jāʾa naṣru Allāhi﴾ [al-naṣri: 1] rubʿu al-qurʾāni [ت].
“When Allah's help comes...” [النَّصْرِ: ١] is one quarter of the Qur'an [ت].
[«الْإِخْلَاصُ»]:
[«al-ʾikhlāṣu»]:
Surat al-Ikhlas:
﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ﴾ [الْإِخْلَاصِ: ١] ثُلُثُ الْقُرْآنِ [خ، م، ت، ق].
﴿qul huwa Allāhu ʾaḥadun﴾ [al-ʾikhlāṣi: 1] thuluthu al-qurʾāni [خ، م، ت، ق].
“Say: He is Allah, the One” [الْإِخْلَاصِ: ١] is one third of the Qur'an [خ، م، ت، ق].
تَعْدِلُ ثُلُثَ الْقُرْآنِ [خ، د، ت، مس].
taʿdilu thulutha al-qurʾāni [خ، د، ت، مس].
It is equal to one third of the Qur'an [خ، د، ت، مس].
وَقَالَ ﷺ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ بِهَا لِأَصْحَابِهِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ: «أَخْبِرُوهُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّهُ» [خ، م، س].
wa-qāla ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ʿan rajulin kāna yaqraʾu bihā li-ʾaṣḥābihi fī al-ṣalāti: «ʾakhbirūhu ʾanna Allāha yuḥibbuhu» [خ، م، س].
Regarding a man who used to recite it while leading his companions in prayer, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Tell him that Allah loves him” [خ، م، س].
وَقَالَ ﷺ لِرَجُلٍ كَانَ يُلَازِمُ قِرَاءَتَهَا مَعَ غَيْرِهَا فِي الصَّلَاةِ: «حُبُّكَ إِيَّاهَا أَدْخَلَكَ الْجَنَّةَ» [خ، ت].
wa-qāla ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam lirajulin kāna yulāzimu qirāʾatahā maʿa ghayrihā fī al-ṣalāti: «ḥubbuka ʾiyyāhā ʾadkhalaka al-jannata» [خ، ت].
To a man who always recited it together with another surah in prayer, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Your love for it has admitted you to Paradise” [خ، ت].
وَسَمِعَ رَجُلًا يَقْرَؤُهَا فَقَالَ: «وَجَبَتِ الْجَنَّةُ»، أَيْ: لَهُ [ت، طا، س، مس].
wa-samiʿa rajulan yaqraʾuhā fa-qāla: «wajabati al-jannatu», ʾay: lahu [ت، طا، س، مس].
He heard a man reciting it and said, “Paradise has become certain”—meaning, certain for him [ت، طا، س، مس].
«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّهَا لَتَعْدِلُ ثُلُثَ الْقُرْآنِ» [خ، د، س].
«wa-alladhī nafsī biyadihi ʾinnahā lataʿdilu thulutha al-qurʾāni» [خ، د، س].
“By the One in whose hand is my soul, it is indeed equal to one third of the Qur'an” [خ، د، س].
«مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنَامَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ، فَنَامَ عَلَى يَمِينِهِ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ: ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ﴾، إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ يَقُولُ الرَّبُّ: يَا عَبْدِي، ادْخُلْ عَلَى يَمِينِكَ الْجَنَّةَ» [ت].
«man ʾarāda ʾan yanāma ʿalā firāshihi, fa-nāma ʿalā yamīnihi, thumma qaraʾa miʾata marratin: ﴿qul huwa Allāhu ʾaḥadun﴾, ʾidhā kāna yawmu al-qiyāmati yaqūlu al-rabbu: yā ʿabdī, udkhul ʿalā yamīnika al-jannata» [ت].
“Whoever wishes to sleep in bed, lies on the right side, and then recites ‘Say: He is Allah, the One’ one hundred times, the Lord will say to that person on the Day of Resurrection, ‘My servant, enter Paradise on your right’” [ت].
[«الْفَلَقُ» وَ«النَّاسُ»]:
[«al-falaqu» wa-«al-nāsu»]:
Surat al-Falaq and Surat al-Nas:
«أَلَا أُعَلِّمُكَ خَيْرَ سُورَتَيْنِ قُرِئَتَا؟» [د، س].
«ʾalā ʾuʿallimuka khayra sūratayni quriʾatā?» [د، س].
“Shall I teach you the best two surahs ever recited?” [د، س].
«اقْرَأْ بِهِمَا، وَلَنْ تَقْرَأَ بِمِثْلِهِمَا» [س، حب].
«iqraʾ bihimā, wa-lan taqraʾa bimithlihimā» [س، حب].
“Recite them; you will never recite anything comparable to them” [س، حب].
وَكَانَ ﷺ يَتَعَوَّذُ مِنَ الْجَانِّ، وَعَيْنِ الْإِنْسَانِ، حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الْمُعَوِّذَتَانِ، أَخَذَ بِهِمَا وَتَرَكَ مَا سِوَاهُمَا [ت، س، ق].
wa-kāna ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam yataʿawwadhu mina al-jānni, wa-ʿayni al-ʾinsāni, ḥattā nazalati al-muʿawwidhatāni, ʾakhadha bihimā wa-taraka mā siwāhumā [ت، س، ق].
He (peace and blessings be upon him) used to seek protection from the jinn and the evil eye of human beings. When the two surahs of refuge were revealed, he adopted them and left everything else [ت، س، ق].
«مَا سَأَلَ سَائِلٌ، وَلَا اسْتَعَاذَ مُسْتَعِيذٌ بِمِثْلِهِمَا» [مص].
«mā saʾala sāʾilun, wa-lā istaʿādha mustaʿīdhun bimithlihimā» [مص].
“No one who asks has asked with anything like them, and no one who seeks refuge has sought refuge with anything like them” [مص].
«اقْرَأْ بِهِمَا كُلَّمَا نِمْتَ، وَكُلَّمَا قُمْتَ» [مص].
«iqraʾ bihimā kullamā nimta, wa-kullamā qumta» [مص].
“Recite them whenever you go to sleep and whenever you rise” [مص].
«اقْرَأْ بِـ: ﴿قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ﴾ [الْفَلَقِ: ١]، فَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تَقْرَأَ بِسُورَةٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَأَبْلَغَ عِنْدَهُ مِنْهَا، فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَلَّا تَفُوتَكَ فَافْعَلْ» [مس].
«iqraʾ bi: ﴿qul ʾaʿūdhu birabbi al-falaqi﴾ [al-falaqi: 1], fa-ʾinnaka lan taqraʾa bisūratin ʾaḥabba ʾilā Allāhi wa-ʾablagha ʿindahu minhā, fa-ʾini istaṭaʿta ʾallā tafūtaka fa-ifʿal» [مس].
“Recite ‘Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak’ [الْفَلَقِ: ١], for you will never recite a surah more beloved to Allah or of greater merit in His sight than this one. If you can ensure that you never miss it, then do so” [مس].
«لَنْ تَقْرَأَ شَيْئًا أَبْلَغَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ: ﴿قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ﴾» [ي].
«lan taqraʾa shayʾan ʾablagha ʿinda Allāhi min: ﴿qul ʾaʿūdhu birabbi al-falaqi﴾» [ي].
“You will never recite anything of greater merit in Allah's sight than ‘Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of daybreak’” [ي].
«أَلَمْ تَرَ آيَاتٍ نَزَلَتِ اللَّيْلَةَ لَمْ تَرَ مِثْلَهُنَّ قَطُّ؟: «الْفَلَقُ» «النَّاسُ»» [م، ت، س].
«ʾalam tara ʾāyātin nazalati al-laylata lam tara mithlahunna qaṭṭu?: «al-falaqu» «al-nāsu»» [م، ت، س].
“Have you not seen the verses revealed tonight, the like of which has never been seen? They are al-Falaq and al-Nas” [م، ت، س].
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