Al Hisn Al Hasin 09 - Purification and Prayers

الْحِصْنُ الْحَصِينُ

al-Ḥiṣn al-Ḥaṣīn

THE IMPREGNABLE FORTRESS

From the Words of the Master of the Messengers

مِنْ كَلَامِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ ﷺ

IMAM IBN AL-JAZARĪ

Abū al-Khayr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Ibn al-Jazarī · d. 833 AH 

[فِيمَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِالطُّهُورِ وَالْمَسْجِدِ وَالْأَذَانِ وَالْإِقَامَةِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الرَّاتِبَةِ وَصَلَوَاتٍ مَخْصُوصَةٍ]

[fīmā yataʿallaqu bi-l-ṭuhūri wa-l-masjidi wa-l-ʾadhāni wa-l-ʾiqāmati wa-l-ṣalāti al-rātibati wa-ṣalawātin makhṣūṣatin]

[Matters Related to Purification, the Mosque, the Call to Prayer, the Call to Commence Prayer, the Regular Prayers, and Special Prayers]

وَإِذَا قَامَ لِيَتَهَجَّدَ:

wa-ʾidhā qāma liyatahajjada:

When he rises to perform the night vigil:

فَإِنْ دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ فَلْيَقُلْ: «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ» [مص، ي]، «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْخُبْثِ وَالْخَبَائِثِ» [ع، مص](١)، «اللَّهُمَّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ» [س، مص].

fa-ʾin dakhala al-khalāʾa fa-lyaqul: «bi-ismi Allāhi» [مص، ي], «Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika mina al-khubthi wa-l-khabāʾithi» [ع، مص](1), «Allāhumma ʾaʿūdhu bika» [س، مص].

If he enters the lavatory, let him say: «In the name of Allah» [مص، ي]. «O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the male and female devils» [ع، مص](1). «O Allah, I seek refuge in You» [س، مص].

وَإِذَا خَرَجَ [قَالَ]: «غُفْرَانَكَ» [حب، عه، مص](٢)، «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذْهَبَ عَنِّي الْأَذَى وَعَافَانِي» [س، ي، مو، مص].

wa-ʾidhā kharaja [qāla]: «ghufrānaka» [حب، عه، مص](2), «al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī ʾadhhaba ʿannī al-ʾadhā wa-ʿāfānī» [س، ي، مو، مص].

When he leaves, [he should say]: «I seek Your forgiveness» [حب، عه، مص](2). «All praise is due to Allah, who has removed harm from me and granted me well-being» [س، ي، مو، مص].

وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ: فَلْيُسَمِّ اللَّهَ [د، ت، ق]، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذَنْبِي، وَوَسِّعْ لِي فِي دَارِي، وَبَارِكْ لِي فِي رِزْقِي» [س، ي].

wa-ʾidhā tawaḍḍaʾa: fa-lyusammi Allāha [د، ت، ق], thumma yaqūlu: «Allāhumma ighfir lī dhanbī, wa-wassiʿ lī fī dārī, wa-bārik lī fī rizqī» [س، ي].

When he performs ablution, let him mention Allah’s name [د، ت، ق], then say: «O Allah, forgive my sin, make my home spacious, and bless my provision» [س، ي].

وَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنَ الْوُضُوءِ: رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ [د، س]، وَلْيَقُلْ: «أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ» [م، ت، س، مص، ي]، «وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ» [م، د، س، ق، مص، ي]. ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ [ق، مص، ي].

wa-ʾidhā faragha mina al-wuḍūʾi: rafaʿa raʾsahu ʾilā al-samāʾi [د، س], wa-lyaqul: «ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu» [م، ت، س، مص، ي], «wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu» [م، د، س، ق، مص، ي]. thalātha marrātin [ق، مص، ي].

When he finishes ablution, he should raise his head toward the sky [د، س] and say: «I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah alone, with no partner» [م، ت، س، مص، ي], «and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger» [م، د، س، ق، مص، ي], three times [ق، مص، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي مِنَ التَّوَّابِينَ، وَاجْعَلْنِي مِنَ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ» [ت]. «سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ» [مس، س].

«Allāhumma ijʿalnī mina al-tawwābīna, wa-ijʿalnī mina al-mutaṭahhirīna» [ت]. «subḥānaka Allāhumma wa-biḥamdika, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā ʾanta ʾastaghfiruka wa-ʾatūbu ʾilayka» [مس، س].

«O Allah, make me among those who constantly repent, and make me among those who purify themselves» [ت]. «Glory and praise be to You, O Allah. I bear witness that there is no deity but You. I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You» [مس، س].

«مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ فَقَالَ: سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ. كُتِبَ لَهُ فِي رَقٍّ، ثُمَّ جُعِلَ فِي طَابَعٍ(٣)، فَلَمْ يُكْسَرْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ» [طس].

«man tawaḍḍaʾa fa-qāla: subḥānaka Allāhumma wa-biḥamdika, ʾastaghfiruka wa-ʾatūbu ʾilayka. kutiba lahu fī raqqin, thumma juʿila fī ṭābaʿin(3), fa-lam yuksar ʾilā yawmi al-qiyāmati» [طس].

«Whoever performs ablution and says, “Glory and praise be to You, O Allah. I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You,” will have it written for him on parchment and then placed under a seal(3) that will not be broken until the Day of Resurrection» [طس].

التَّهَجُّدُ:

al-tahajjudu:

The Night Vigil:

«أَفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ الصَّلَاةُ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ» [م].

«ʾafḍalu al-ṣalāti baʿda al-maktūbati al-ṣalātu fī jawfi al-layli» [م].

«The best prayer after the obligatory prayer is prayer in the depths of the night» [م].

«أَفْضَلُ الصَّلَاةِ صَلَاةُ الْمَرْءِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، إِلَّا الْمَكْتُوبَةَ» [خ، م].

«ʾafḍalu al-ṣalāti ṣalātu al-marʾi fī baytihi, ʾillā al-maktūbata» [خ، م].

«The best prayer is a person’s prayer in his home, except for the obligatory prayer» [خ، م].

(١) الْخَلَاءُ: مَحَلُّ قَضَاءِ الْحَاجَةِ. وَقَوْلُهُ مِنَ الْخُبْثِ: جَمْعُ خَبِيثٍ، وَالْخَبَائِثُ جَمْعُ خَبِيثَةٍ، وَقَالَ الْأَنْبَارِيُّ: الْخُبْثُ الْكُفْرُ وَالْخَبَائِثُ الشَّيَاطِينُ. وَقِيلَ الْخَبِيثُ الشَّيْطَانُ وَالْخَبَائِثُ الْمَعَاصِي.

(1) al-khalāʾu: maḥallu qaḍāʾi al-ḥājati. wa-qawluhu mina al-khubthi: jamʿu khabīthin, wa-l-khabāʾithu jamʿu khabīthatin, wa-qāla al-ʾanbāriyyu: al-khubthu al-kufru wa-l-khabāʾithu al-shayāṭīnu. wa-qīla al-khabīthu al-shayṭānu wa-l-khabāʾithu al-maʿāṣī.

(1) The lavatory is the place where one relieves oneself. The word khubuth is the plural of khabith, and khaba’ith is the plural of khabithah. Al-Anbari said that khubuth means disbelief and khaba’ith means devils. It is also said that khabith means a devil and khaba’ith means acts of disobedience.

(٢) أَيْ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ غُفْرَانَكَ.

(2) ʾay ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka ghufrānaka.

(2) That is: I ask You for Your forgiveness.

(٣) الرَّقُّ: هُوَ مَا يُكْتَبُ فِيهِ مِنْ جِلْدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ، وَالطَّابَعُ هُوَ الْخَاتَمُ، وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُ يُخْتَمُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْمَكْتُوبِ فِي الرَّقِّ فَلَا يَتَطَرَّقُ إِلَيْهِ تَغْيِيرٌ وَلَا إِبْطَالٌ.

(3) al-raqqu: huwa mā yuktabu fīhi min jildin ʾaw ghayrihi, wa-l-ṭābaʿu huwa al-khātamu, wa-l-maʿnā ʾannahu yukhtamu ʿalā dhālika al-maktūbi fī al-raqqi fa-lā yataṭarraqu ʾilayhi taghyīrun wa-lā ʾibṭālun.

(3) Raqq is a surface made of skin or another material on which one writes, and tabi‘ is a seal. The meaning is that what is written on the parchment is sealed so that no alteration or annulment can reach it.

 

صَلَاةُ اللَّيْلِ [خ، م]، وَالنَّهَارِ [أ]، مَثْنَى مَثْنَى [خ، م، أ].

ṣalātu al-layli [خ، م], wa-l-nahāri [أ], mathnā mathnā [خ، م، أ].

The night prayer [خ، م], and the daytime prayer [أ], are performed two rak‘ahs at a time [خ، م، أ].

وَكَانَ ﷺ إِذَا قَامَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ يَتَهَجَّدُ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ، أَنْتَ قَيِّمُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ، وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ،

wa-kāna ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ʾidhā qāma mina al-layli yatahajjadu qāla: «Allāhumma laka al-ḥamdu, ʾanta qayyimu al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-man fīhinna, wa-laka al-ḥamdu,

When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) rose at night to perform the night vigil, he would say: «O Allah, to You belongs all praise. You are the Sustainer of the heavens, earth, and all who are within them. To You belongs all praise.

أَنْتَ مَلِكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ، وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ، أَنْتَ نُورُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ، وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ، أَنْتَ الْحَقُّ، وَوَعْدُكَ الْحَقُّ، وَلِقَاؤُكَ الْحَقُّ، وَقَوْلُكَ حَقٌّ، وَالْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ، وَالنَّارُ حَقٌّ، وَالنَّبِيُّونَ حَقٌّ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ حَقٌّ، وَالسَّاعَةُ حَقٌّ».

ʾanta maliku al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-man fīhinna, wa-laka al-ḥamdu, ʾanta nūru al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-man fīhinna, wa-laka al-ḥamdu, ʾanta al-ḥaqqu, wa-waʿduka al-ḥaqqu, wa-liqāʾuka al-ḥaqqu, wa-qawluka ḥaqqun, wa-l-jannatu ḥaqqun, wa-l-nāru ḥaqqun, wa-l-nabiyyūna ḥaqqun, wa-muḥammadun ḥaqqun, wa-l-sāʿatu ḥaqqun».

You are the King of the heavens, earth, and all who are within them. To You belongs all praise. You are the Light of the heavens, earth, and all who are within them. To You belongs all praise. You are the Truth; Your promise is true; meeting You is true; Your word is true; Paradise is true; the Fire is true; the prophets are true; Muhammad is true; and the Hour is true.»

«اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ، وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ، وَعَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ، وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْتُ(١)، وَبِكَ خَاصَمْتُ، أَنْتَ رَبُّنَا، وَإِلَيْكَ الْمَصِيرُ» [عو]، «فَاغْفِرْ لِي مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ، وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ، أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ، وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ».

«Allāhumma laka ʾaslamtu, wa-bika ʾāmantu, wa-ʿalayka tawakkaltu, wa-ʾilayka ʾanabtu(1), wa-bika khāṣamtu, ʾanta rabbunā, wa-ʾilayka al-maṣīru» [عو], «fa-ighfir lī mā qaddamtu wa-mā ʾakhkhartu, wa-mā ʾasrartu wa-mā ʾaʿlantu, ʾanta al-muqaddimu, wa-ʾanta al-muʾakhkhiru».

«O Allah, to You I have submitted, in You I have believed, upon You I have relied, to You I have turned in repentance(1), and through You I have contended. You are our Lord, and to You is the final return» [عو]. «Forgive me for what I have done before and what I have yet to do, what I have concealed and what I have made public. You are the One who brings forward, and You are the One who puts back.»

«لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ» [ع، عو]، «وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ» [خ]، «سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ، الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ» [ت]، «سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ» [د، س].

«lā ʾilāha ʾillā ʾanta» [ع، عو], «wa-lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata ʾillā bi-llāhi» [خ], «samiʿa Allāhu liman ḥamidahu, al-ḥamdu li-llāhi rabbi al-ʿālamīna» [ت], «subḥāna Allāhi rabbi al-ʿālamīna, subḥāna Allāhi wa-biḥamdihi» [د، س].

«There is no deity but You» [ع، عو]. «There is no power and no strength except through Allah» [خ]. «Allah hears the one who praises Him. All praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds» [ت]. «Glory be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. Glory and praise be to Allah» [د، س].

وَقَعَدَ ﷺ الثُّلُثَ الْأَخِيرَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ: ﴿إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ﴾ [آلِ عِمْرَانَ: ١٩٠] الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ آلِ عِمْرَانَ حَتَّى خَتَمَهَا،

wa-qaʿada ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam al-thulutha al-ʾakhīra mina al-layli, fa-naẓara ʾilā al-samāʾi fa-qāla: ﴿ʾinna fī khalqi al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi wa-ikhtilāfi al-layli wa-l-nahāri laʾāyātin li-ʾulī al-ʾalbābi﴾ [ʾāli ʿimrāna: 190] al-ʿashra al-ʾawākhira min ʾāli ʿimrāna ḥattā khatamahā,

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sat up during the final third of the night, looked toward the sky, and recited: ﴿Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and earth and the alternation of night and day are signs for people of understanding﴾ [آلِ عِمْرَانَ: ١٩٠], continuing through the final ten verses of Surat Al Imran until he completed them.

ثُمَّ قَامَ، فَتَوَضَّأَ، وَاسْتَنَّ(٢)، فَصَلَّى إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ، فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ، فَصَلَّى الصُّبْحَ [خ، م، د، س، ق].

thumma qāma, fa-tawaḍḍaʾa, wa-istanna(2), fa-ṣallā ʾiḥdā ʿashrata rakʿatan, thumma ʾadhdhana bilālun, fa-ṣallā rakʿatayni, thumma kharaja, fa-ṣallā al-ṣubḥa [خ، م، د، س، ق].

Then he rose, performed ablution, cleaned his teeth with a tooth-stick(2), and prayed eleven rak‘ahs. Bilal then called the prayer, so he prayed two rak‘ahs, went out, and performed the dawn prayer [خ، م، د، س، ق].

وَكَانَ ﷺ يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً، يُوتِرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِخَمْسٍ، لَا يَجْلِسُ فِي شَيْءٍ إِلَّا فِي آخِرِهِنَّ [خ، م].

wa-kāna ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam yuṣallī mina al-layli thalātha ʿashrata rakʿatan, yūtiru min dhālika bikhamsin, lā yajlisu fī shayʾin ʾillā fī ʾākhirihinna [خ، م].

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would pray thirteen rak‘ahs at night, making five of them witr and sitting only at the end of those five [خ، م].

وَكَانَ ﷺ يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً يُوتِرُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ [خ، م].

wa-kāna ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam yuṣallī mina al-layli ʾiḥdā ʿashrata rakʿatan yūtiru biwāḥidatin [خ، م].

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would pray eleven rak‘ahs at night, making one of them witr [خ، م].

وَإِذَا قَامَ لِصَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ كَبَّرَ عَشْرًا، وَحَمِدَ عَشْرًا، وَسَبَّحَ عَشْرًا، وَاسْتَغْفَرَ عَشْرًا [د، س، ق، مص، حب]، وَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي، وَاهْدِنِي، وَارْزُقْنِي،

wa-ʾidhā qāma liṣalāti al-layli kabbara ʿashran, wa-ḥamida ʿashran, wa-sabbaḥa ʿashran, wa-istaghfara ʿashran [د، س، ق، مص، حب], wa-qāla: «Allāhumma ighfir lī, wa-ihdinī, wa-urzuqnī,

When he rose for the night prayer, he would declare Allah’s greatness ten times, praise Him ten times, glorify Him ten times, and seek His forgiveness ten times [د، س، ق، مص، حب]. He would say: «O Allah, forgive me, guide me, provide for me,

(١) الْإِنَابَةُ: الرُّجُوعُ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِالتَّوْبَةِ.

(1) al-ʾinābatu: al-rujūʿu ʾilā Allāhi bi-l-tawbati.

(1) Inabah means returning to Allah in repentance.

(٢) اسْتَعْمَلَ السِّوَاكَ بِإِمْرَارِهِ عَلَى الْأَسْنَانِ.

(2) istaʿmala al-siwāka bi-ʾimrārihi ʿalā al-ʾasnāni.

(2) He used a tooth-stick by passing it over his teeth.

  

وَعَافِنِي» [د، س، ق، مص] عَشْرًا [حب]، وَيَتَعَوَّذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ ضِيقِ الْمَقَامِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ [د، س، ق، مص] عَشْرًا [حب].

wa-ʿāfinī» [د، س، ق، مص] ʿashran [حب], wa-yataʿawwadhu bi-llāhi min ḍīqi al-maqāmi yawma al-qiyāmati [د، س، ق، مص] ʿashran [حب].

and grant me well-being» [د، س، ق، مص], ten times [حب]. He would also seek refuge in Allah from the constriction of one’s standing on the Day of Resurrection [د، س، ق، مص], ten times [حب].

وَإِذَا افْتَتَحَ ﷺ صَلَاةَ اللَّيْلِ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ وَإِسْرَافِيلَ، فَاطِرَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ، عَالِمَ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ، أَنْتَ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِكَ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ، اهْدِنِي لِمَا اخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِكَ، إِنَّكَ تَهْدِي مَنْ تَشَاءُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ» [م، عه، حب].

wa-ʾidhā iftataḥa ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ṣalāta al-layli qāla: «Allāhumma rabba jibrīla wa-mīkāʾīla wa-ʾisrāfīla, fāṭira al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi, ʿālima al-ghaybi wa-l-shahādati, ʾanta taḥkumu bayna ʿibādika fīmā kānū fīhi yakhtalifūna, ihdinī limā ukhtulifa fīhi mina al-ḥaqqi bi-ʾidhnika, ʾinnaka tahdī man tashāʾu ʾilā ṣirāṭin mustaqīmin» [م، عه، حب].

When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) began the night prayer, he would say: «O Allah, Lord of Gabriel, Michael, and Israfil, Originator of the heavens and earth, Knower of the unseen and the seen, You judge among Your servants concerning that over which they differ. By Your permission, guide me to the truth over which people have differed. You guide whomever You will to a straight path» [م، عه، حب].

وَإِذَا صَلَّى الْوِتْرَ ثَلَاثًا:

wa-ʾidhā ṣallā al-witra thalāthan:

When he performs three rak‘ahs of witr:

فَيَقْرَأُ فِي الْأُولَى: ﴿سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى﴾ [الْأَعْلَى: ١]، وَفِي الثَّانِيَةِ: ﴿قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ﴾ [الْكَافِرُونَ: ١]، وَفِي الثَّالِثَةِ: ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ﴾ [د، ت، س، أ، ق، حب، ي]، وَالْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ [د، أ، ق، ت، حب]، وَيَفْصِلُ بَيْنَ الشَّفْعِ وَالْوِتْرِ بِتَسْلِيمَةٍ يُسْمِعُهَا [أ].

fa-yaqraʾu fī al-ʾūlā: ﴿sabbiḥi isma rabbika al-ʾaʿlā﴾ [al-ʾaʿlā: 1], wa-fī al-thāniyati: ﴿qul yā ʾayyuhā al-kāfirūna﴾ [al-kāfirūna: 1], wa-fī al-thālithati: ﴿qul huwa Allāhu ʾaḥadun﴾ [د، ت، س، أ، ق، حب، ي], wa-l-muʿawwidhatayni [د، أ، ق، ت، حب], wa-yafṣilu bayna al-shafʿi wa-l-witri bitaslīmatin yusmiʿuhā [أ].

In the first he should recite: ﴿Glorify the name of your Lord, the Most High﴾ [الْأَعْلَى: ١]; in the second: ﴿Say: O disbelievers﴾ [الْكَافِرُونَ: ١]; and in the third: ﴿Say: He is Allah, the One﴾ [د، ت، س، أ، ق، حب، ي], as well as the two surahs of refuge [د، أ، ق، ت، حب]. He should separate the two even rak‘ahs from the witr with an audible salutation [أ].

وَلَا يُسَلِّمُ إِلَّا فِي آخِرِهِنَّ [س، ي].

wa-lā yusallimu ʾillā fī ʾākhirihinna [س، ي].

He should not give the salutation until the end of the three [س، ي].

أَوْ يُوتِرُ بِوَاحِدَةٍ [خ، م]، أَوْ بِخَمْسٍ، أَوْ سَبْعٍ [قط، سني]، أَوْ بِتِسْعٍ، أَوْ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً، أَوْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ [سني].

ʾaw yūtiru biwāḥidatin [خ، م], ʾaw bikhamsin, ʾaw sabʿin [قط، سني], ʾaw bitisʿin, ʾaw ʾiḥdā ʿashrata rakʿatan, ʾaw ʾakthara min dhālika [سني].

Or he may perform witr with one rak‘ah [خ، م], five or seven [قط، سني], nine, eleven, or more than that [سني].

وَيَقْنُتُ فِي الْأَخِيرَةِ إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ [مس] فَيَقُولُ:

wa-yaqnutu fī al-ʾakhīrati ʾidhā rafaʿa raʾsahu mina al-rukūʿi [مس] fa-yaqūlu:

He should perform qunut in the final rak‘ah after raising his head from bowing [مس], saying:

«اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِنِي فِيمَنْ هَدَيْتَ، وَعَافِنِي فِيمَنْ عَافَيْتَ، وَتَوَلَّنِي فِيمَنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ، وَبَارِكْ لِي فِيمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَقِنِي شَرَّ مَا قَضَيْتَ، إِنَّكَ تَقْضِي وَلَا يُقْضَى عَلَيْكَ، وَإِنَّهُ لَا يَذِلُّ مَنْ وَالَيْتَ، وَلَا يَعِزُّ مَنْ عَادَيْتَ» [س]،

«Allāhumma ihdinī fīman hadayta, wa-ʿāfinī fīman ʿāfayta, wa-tawallanī fīman tawallayta, wa-bārik lī fīmā ʾaʿṭayta, wa-qinī sharra mā qaḍayta, ʾinnaka taqḍī wa-lā yuqḍā ʿalayka, wa-ʾinnahu lā yadhillu man wālayta, wa-lā yaʿizzu man ʿādayta» [س],

«O Allah, guide me among those You have guided, grant me well-being among those You have granted well-being, take me into Your care among those You have taken into Your care, bless for me what You have given, and protect me from the evil of what You have decreed. You decree and none can decree over You. The one You befriend is never humiliated, and the one You oppose is never honored» [س].

«تَبَارَكَ رَبُّنَا وَتَعَالَيْتَ، نَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَنَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ» [عه، حب، مس]، «وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ» [س].

«tabāraka rabbunā wa-taʿālayta, nastaghfiruka wa-natūbu ʾilayka» [عه، حب، مس], «wa-ṣallā Allāhu ʿalā al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam» [س].

«Blessed and exalted are You, our Lord. We seek Your forgiveness and repent to You» [عه، حب، مس]. «May Allah bestow blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)» [س].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ، وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالْمُسْلِمَاتِ، وَأَلِّفْ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِهِمْ، وَأَصْلِحْ ذَاتَ بَيْنِهِمْ، وَانْصُرْهُمْ عَلَى عَدُوِّكَ وَعَدُوِّهِمْ،

«Allāhumma ighfir lanā wa-li-l-muʾminīna wa-l-muʾmināti, wa-l-muslimīna wa-l-muslimāti, wa-ʾallif bayna qulūbihim, wa-ʾaṣliḥ dhāta baynihim, wa-unṣurhum ʿalā ʿaduwwika wa-ʿaduwwihim,

«O Allah, forgive us and the believing men and women, the Muslim men and women. Unite their hearts, reconcile them with one another, and grant them victory over Your enemy and theirs.

اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الْكَفَرَةَ الَّذِينَ يَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِكَ، وَيُكَذِّبُونَ رُسُلَكَ، وَيُقَاتِلُونَ أَوْلِيَاءَكَ، اللَّهُمَّ خَالِفْ بَيْنَ كَلِمَتِهِمْ، وَزَلْزِلْ أَقْدَامَهُمْ، وَأَنْزِلْ بِهِمْ بَأْسَكَ الَّذِي لَا تَرُدُّهُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ» [سني].

Allāhumma al-ʿani al-kafarata alladhīna yaṣuddūna ʿan sabīlika, wa-yukadhdhibūna rusulaka, wa-yuqātilūna ʾawliyāʾaka, Allāhumma khālif bayna kalimatihim, wa-zalzil ʾaqdāmahum, wa-ʾanzil bihim baʾsaka alladhī lā tarudduhu ʿani al-qawmi al-mujrimīna» [سني].

O Allah, curse the disbelievers who bar others from Your path, deny Your messengers, and fight those devoted to You. O Allah, turn them against one another, shake their feet, and send down upon them Your might, which You do not turn away from the criminal people» [سني].

«بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْتَعِينُكَ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُكَ، وَنُثْنِي عَلَيْكَ الْخَيْرَ كُلَّهُ، فَلَا نَكْفُرُكَ، نَخْلَعُ وَنَتْرُكُ مَنْ يَفْجُرُكَ» [سني].

«bismi Allāhi al-raḥmāni al-raḥīmi, Allāhumma ʾinnā nastaʿīnuka wa-nastaghfiruka, wa-nuthnī ʿalayka al-khayra kullahu, fa-lā nakfuruka, nakhlaʿu wa-natruku man yafjuruka» [سني].

«In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. O Allah, we seek Your help and Your forgiveness, and we praise You for every good. We do not deny You; we disavow and forsake whoever defiantly disobeys You» [سني].

  

«بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، اللَّهُمَّ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ، وَلَكَ نُصَلِّي وَنَسْجُدُ، وَلَكَ نَسْعَى وَنَحْفِدُ(١)، نَخْشَى عَذَابَكَ الْجِدَّ، وَنَرْجُو رَحْمَتَكَ، إِنَّ عَذَابَكَ الْجِدَّ بِالْكُفَّارِ مُلْحِقٌ» [مو، مص، سني].

«bismi Allāhi al-raḥmāni al-raḥīmi, Allāhumma ʾiyyāka naʿbudu, wa-laka nuṣallī wa-nasjudu, wa-laka nasʿā wa-naḥfidu(1), nakhshā ʿadhābaka al-jidda, wa-narjū raḥmataka, ʾinna ʿadhābaka al-jidda bi-l-kuffāri mulḥiqun» [مو، مص، سني].

«In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. O Allah, You alone we worship; for You we pray and prostrate; and in Your service we strive and hasten(1). We fear Your severe punishment and hope for Your mercy. Your severe punishment will surely overtake the disbelievers» [مو، مص، سني].

وَإِذَا سَلَّمَ مِنْهُ قَالَ:

wa-ʾidhā sallama minhu qāla:

After concluding the witr prayer with the salutation, he should say:

«سُبْحَانَ الْمَلِكِ الْقُدُّوسِ» - ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، يَمُدُّ صَوْتَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ (الْآخِرَةِ) [مص]، وَيَرْفَعُ [س، د، مص، قط] - «رَبِّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ» [قط].

«subḥāna al-maliki al-quddūsi» - thalātha marrātin, yamuddu ṣawtahu fī al-thālithati (al-ʾākhirati) [مص], wa-yarfaʿu [س، د، مص، قط] - «rabbi al-malāʾikati wa-l-rūḥi» [قط].

«Glory be to the King, the Most Holy»—three times, prolonging his voice on the third (final) time [مص] and raising it [س، د، مص، قط]—«Lord of the angels and the Spirit» [قط].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَبِمُعَافَاتِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَتِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ، لَا أُحْصِي ثَنَاءً عَلَيْكَ، أَنْتَ كَمَا أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ» [عه، طس، مص].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu biriḍāka min sakhaṭika, wa-bimuʿāfātika min ʿuqūbatika, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika minka, lā ʾuḥṣī thanāʾan ʿalayka, ʾanta kamā ʾathnayta ʿalā nafsika» [عه، طس، مص].

«O Allah, I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your displeasure, in Your pardon from Your punishment, and in You from You. I cannot fully enumerate praise of You; You are as You have praised Yourself» [عه، طس، مص].

وَإِذَا صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيِ الْفَجْرِ:

wa-ʾidhā ṣallā rakʿatayi al-fajri:

When he performs the two rak‘ahs before the dawn prayer:

يَقْرَأُ فِي الْأُولَى: ﴿قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ﴾، وَفِي الثَّانِيَةِ: ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ﴾ [م، حب]، أَوْ فِي الْأُولَى: ﴿قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ﴾ [الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٣٦]، وَفِي الثَّانِيَةِ: ﴿قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ...﴾ [آلِ عِمْرَانَ: ٦٤] [م].

yaqraʾu fī al-ʾūlā: ﴿qul yā ʾayyuhā al-kāfirūna﴾, wa-fī al-thāniyati: ﴿qul huwa Allāhu ʾaḥadun﴾ [م، حب], ʾaw fī al-ʾūlā: ﴿qūlū ʾāmannā bi-llāhi﴾ [al-baqarati: 136], wa-fī al-thāniyati: ﴿qul yā ʾahla al-kitābi taʿālaw ʾilā kalimatin sawāʾin baynanā wa-baynakum...﴾ [ʾāli ʿimrāna: 64] [م].

In the first he should recite: ﴿Say: O disbelievers﴾, and in the second: ﴿Say: He is Allah, the One﴾ [م، حب]. Or in the first: ﴿Say: We believe in Allah﴾ [الْبَقَرَةِ: ١٣٦], and in the second: ﴿Say: O People of the Book, come to a common word between us and you...﴾ [آلِ عِمْرَانَ: ٦٤] [م].

وَيَقُولُ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ:

wa-yaqūlu wa-huwa jālisun:

While seated, he should say:

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ جِبْرِيلَ، وَمِيكَائِيلَ، وَإِسْرَافِيلَ، وَمُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ [ي]، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ النَّارِ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ [مس، ي].

«Allāhumma rabba jibrīla, wa-mīkāʾīla, wa-ʾisrāfīla, wa-muḥammadin al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam [ي], ʾaʿūdhu bika mina al-nāri» thalātha marrātin [مس، ي].

«O Allah, Lord of Gabriel, Michael, Israfil, and Muhammad the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) [ي], I seek refuge in You from the Fire» three times [مس، ي].

ثُمَّ لِيَضْطَجِعْ عَلَى شِقِّهِ الْأَيْمَنِ [د، ت].

thumma liyaḍṭajiʿ ʿalā shiqqihi al-ʾaymani [د، ت].

Then he should lie on his right side [د، ت].

مَا يَقُولُ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ

mā yaqūlu ʾidhā kharaja mina al-bayti

What to Say When Leaving the House

وَإِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ قَالَ: «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، تَوَكَّلْتُ» [د، س، ق] «عَلَى اللَّهِ» [مس]، «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ نَزِلَّ، أَوْ نُذَلَّ، أَوْ نَضِلَّ، أَوْ نَظْلِمَ، أَوْ نَجْهَلَ، أَوْ يُجْهَلَ عَلَيْنَا» [عه، مس، ي].

wa-ʾidhā kharaja min baytihi qāla: «bi-ismi Allāhi, tawakkaltu» [د، س، ق] «ʿalā Allāhi» [مس], «Allāhumma ʾinnā naʿūdhu bika min ʾan nazilla, ʾaw nudhalla, ʾaw naḍilla, ʾaw naẓlima, ʾaw najhala, ʾaw yujhala ʿalaynā» [عه، مس، ي].

When he leaves his home, he should say: «In the name of Allah; I place my trust» [د، س، ق] «in Allah» [مس]. «O Allah, we seek refuge in You from slipping or being humiliated, going astray, wronging others, acting ignorantly, or having others act ignorantly toward us» [عه، مس، ي].

«بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ، التُّكْلَانُ عَلَى اللَّهِ» [مس، ق، ي].

«bi-ismi Allāhi, lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata ʾillā bi-llāhi, al-tuklānu ʿalā Allāhi» [مس، ق، ي].

«In the name of Allah. There is no power and no strength except through Allah. All reliance is upon Allah» [مس، ق، ي].

«بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، تَوَكَّلْتُ عَلَى اللَّهِ، لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ» [د، ت، س، حب، ي].

«bi-ismi Allāhi, tawakkaltu ʿalā Allāhi, lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata ʾillā bi-llāhi» [د، ت، س، حب، ي].

«In the name of Allah. I place my trust in Allah. There is no power and no strength except through Allah» [د، ت، س، حب، ي].

(١) نَحْفِدُ: نُسْرِعُ فِي الْعَمَلِ.

(1) naḥfidu: nusriʿu fī al-ʿamali.

(1) “We hasten” means that we act swiftly.

 

مَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ قَطُّ إِلَّا رَفَعَ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أَضِلَّ أَوْ أُضَلَّ، أَوْ أَزِلَّ أَوْ أُزَلَّ، أَوْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ، أَوْ أَجْهَلَ أَوْ يُجْهَلَ عَلَيَّ» [د، ق].

mā kharaja rasūlu Allāhi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam min baytihi qaṭṭu ʾillā rafaʿa ṭarfahu ʾilā al-samāʾi fa-qāla: «Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika ʾan ʾaḍilla ʾaw ʾuḍalla, ʾaw ʾazilla ʾaw ʾuzalla, ʾaw ʾaẓlima ʾaw ʾuẓlama, ʾaw ʾajhala ʾaw yujhala ʿalayya» [د، ق].

Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) left his home, he would raise his gaze toward the sky and say: «O Allah, I seek refuge in You from going astray or being led astray, slipping or being made to slip, wronging or being wronged, acting ignorantly or having another act ignorantly toward me» [د، ق].

أَذْكَارُ الْخُرُوجِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ

ʾadhkāru al-khurūji ʾilā al-masjidi

Remembrances When Going to the Mosque

فَإِذَا خَرَجَ لِلصَّلَاةِ:

fa-ʾidhā kharaja li-l-ṣalāti:

When he goes out for prayer:

«اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فِي قَلْبِي نُورًا، وَفِي بَصَرِي نُورًا، وَفِي سَمْعِي نُورًا، وَعَنْ يَمِينِي نُورًا، وَخَلْفِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ لِي نُورًا» [خ، م، د، س، ق]، «وَفِي عَصَبِي نُورًا، وَفِي لَحْمِي نُورًا، وَفِي دَمِي نُورًا، وَفِي شَعْرِي نُورًا، وَفِي بَشَرِي نُورًا» [خ، م، د، س، ق]،

«Allāhumma ijʿal fī qalbī nūran, wa-fī baṣarī nūran, wa-fī samʿī nūran, wa-ʿan yamīnī nūran, wa-khalfī nūran, wa-ijʿal lī nūran» [خ، م، د، س، ق], «wa-fī ʿaṣabī nūran, wa-fī laḥmī nūran, wa-fī damī nūran, wa-fī shaʿrī nūran, wa-fī basharī nūran» [خ، م، د، س، ق],

«O Allah, place light in my heart, light in my sight, light in my hearing, light on my right, light behind me, and grant me light» [خ، م، د، س، ق]. «Place light in my sinews, light in my flesh, light in my blood, light in my hair, and light in my skin» [خ، م، د، س، ق].

«وَفِي لِسَانِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ فِي نَفْسِي نُورًا، وَأَعْظِمْ لِي نُورًا» [م]، «وَاجْعَلْنِي نُورًا» [س، مس].

«wa-fī lisānī nūran, wa-ijʿal fī nafsī nūran, wa-ʾaʿẓim lī nūran» [م], «wa-ijʿalnī nūran» [س، مس].

«Place light in my tongue, place light within my soul, and make my light great» [م]. «Make me light» [س، مس].

«اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فِي قَلْبِي نُورًا، وَفِي لِسَانِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ فِي سَمْعِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ فِي بَصَرِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ خَلْفِي نُورًا، وَمِنْ أَمَامِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ فَوْقِي نُورًا، وَمِنْ تَحْتِي نُورًا، اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِنِي نُورًا» [م، د، س].

«Allāhumma ijʿal fī qalbī nūran, wa-fī lisānī nūran, wa-ijʿal fī samʿī nūran, wa-ijʿal fī baṣarī nūran, wa-ijʿal min khalfī nūran, wa-min ʾamāmī nūran, wa-ijʿal min fawqī nūran, wa-min taḥtī nūran, Allāhumma ʾaʿṭinī nūran» [م، د، س].

«O Allah, place light in my heart and light in my tongue. Place light in my hearing and light in my sight. Place light behind me and before me. Place light above me and beneath me. O Allah, grant me light» [م، د، س].

وَعِنْدَ دُخُولِ الْمَسْجِدِ:

wa-ʿinda dukhūli al-masjidi:

When entering the mosque:

«أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ، وَبِوَجْهِهِ الْكَرِيمِ، وَسُلْطَانِهِ الْقَدِيمِ، مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ» [د].

«ʾaʿūdhu bi-llāhi al-ʿaẓīmi, wa-biwajhihi al-karīmi, wa-sulṭānihi al-qadīmi, mina al-shayṭāni al-rajīmi» [د].

«I seek refuge in Allah the Magnificent, in His noble Countenance, and in His eternal authority from the accursed Satan» [د].

وَإِذَا دَخَلَهُ: فَلْيُسَلِّمْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ [د، س، ق، حب، مس، ي]، وَلْيَقُلْ: «اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ» [م، د، س، ت، حب، مس، ي].

wa-ʾidhā dakhalahu: fa-lyusallim ʿalā al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam [د، س، ق، حب، مس، ي], wa-lyaqul: «Allāhumma iftaḥ lī ʾabwāba raḥmatika» [م، د، س، ت، حب، مس، ي].

When he enters, he should greet the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with peace [د، س، ق، حب، مس، ي] and say: «O Allah, open for me the gates of Your mercy» [م، د، س، ت، حب، مس، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ، وَسَهِّلْ لَنَا أَبْوَابَ رِزْقِكَ» [ق، عو].

«Allāhumma iftaḥ lī ʾabwāba raḥmatika, wa-sahhil lanā ʾabwāba rizqika» [ق، عو].

«O Allah, open for me the gates of Your mercy, and make the gates of Your provision easy for us» [ق، عو].

أَوْ يَقُولُ: «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ» [ق، ت، مص، مه]، «اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ» [مه]، «اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي، وَافْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ رَحْمَتِكَ» [ق، ت، مص، مه].

ʾaw yaqūlu: «bi-ismi Allāhi, wa-l-salāmu ʿalā rasūli Allāhi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam» [ق، ت، مص، مه], «Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin» [مه], «Allāhumma ighfir lī dhunūbī, wa-iftaḥ lī ʾabwāba raḥmatika» [ق، ت، مص، مه].

Or he should say: «In the name of Allah, and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)» [ق، ت، مص، مه]. «O Allah, bestow blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad» [مه]. «O Allah, forgive my sins and open for me the gates of Your mercy» [ق، ت، مص، مه].

وَبَعْدَ دُخُولِهِ: «السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ» [مو، مس].

wa-baʿda dukhūlihi: «al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna» [مو، مس].

After entering, he should say: «Peace be upon us and upon Allah’s righteous servants» [مو، مس].

وَإِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْهُ: فَلْيُسَلِّمْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، وَلْيَقُلْ: «اللَّهُمَّ اعْصِمْنِي مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ» [س، ق، حب، مس، ي] «الرَّجِيمِ» [ق]، «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ» [م، د، س].

wa-ʾidhā kharaja minhu: fa-lyusallim ʿalā al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam, wa-lyaqul: «Allāhumma iʿṣimnī mina al-shayṭāni» [س، ق، حب، مس، ي] «al-rajīmi» [ق], «Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka min faḍlika» [م، د، س].

When he leaves the mosque, he should greet the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with peace and say: «O Allah, protect me from Satan» [س، ق، حب، مس، ي], «the accursed» [ق]. «O Allah, I ask You from Your bounty» [م، د، س].

 

أَوْ: «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ» [مص، ت، ق، مه]، «اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ» [مه]، «اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي، وَافْتَحْ لِي أَبْوَابَ فَضْلِكَ» [مص، ت، ق، مه].

ʾaw: «bi-ismi Allāhi, wa-l-salāmu ʿalā rasūli Allāhi» [مص، ت، ق، مه], «Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin» [مه], «Allāhumma ighfir lī dhunūbī, wa-iftaḥ lī ʾabwāba faḍlika» [مص، ت، ق، مه].

Or: «In the name of Allah, and peace be upon the Messenger of Allah» [مص، ت، ق، مه]. «O Allah, bestow blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad» [مه]. «O Allah, forgive my sins and open for me the gates of Your bounty» [مص، ت، ق، مه].

وَلَا يَجْلِسْ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ [خ، م].

wa-lā yajlis ḥattā yuṣalliya rakʿatayni [خ، م].

He should not sit until he has prayed two rak‘ahs [خ، م].

وَإِنْ سَمِعَ مَنْ يَنْشُدُ ضَالَّةً(١) فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلْيَقُلْ:

wa-ʾin samiʿa man yanshudu ḍāllatan(1) fī al-masjidi fa-lyaqul:

If he hears someone announcing a lost item(1) in the mosque, let him say:

«لَا رَدَّهَا اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ، فَإِنَّ الْمَسَاجِدَ لَمْ تُبْنَ لِهَذَا» [م، د، ق].

«lā raddahā Allāhu ʿalayka, fa-ʾinna al-masājida lam tubna li-hādhā» [م، د، ق].

«May Allah not return it to you, for mosques were not built for this» [م، د، ق].

وَإِنْ رَأَى مَنْ يَبِيعُ أَوْ يَبْتَاعُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلْيَقُلْ:

wa-ʾin raʾā man yabīʿu ʾaw yabtāʿu fī al-masjidi fa-lyaqul:

If he sees someone selling or buying in the mosque, let him say:

«لَا أَرْبَحَ اللَّهُ تِجَارَتَكَ» [ت، س، مص، حب].

«lā ʾarbaḥa Allāhu tijārataka» [ت، س، مص، حب].

«May Allah not make your trade profitable» [ت، س، مص، حب].

(١) يُقَالُ نَشَدْتُ الضَّالَّةَ إِذَا طَلَبْتَهَا وَأَنْشَدْتُهَا إِذَا عَرَّفْتَهَا.

(1) yuqālu nashadtu al-ḍāllata ʾidhā ṭalabtahā wa-ʾanshadtuhā ʾidhā ʿarraftahā.

(1) One says nashadtu al-dallah when one searches for a lost item, and anshadtuha when one publicly announces it.

  

مَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِالْأَذَانِ

mā yataʿallaqu bi-l-ʾadhāni

Matters Related to the Call to Prayer

وَالْأَذَانُ: تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ كَلِمَةً، مَعْرُوفٌ [عه، أ، مه].

wa-l-ʾadhānu: tisʿa ʿashrata kalimatan, maʿrūfun [عه، أ، مه].

The call to prayer consists of nineteen well-known phrases [عه، أ، مه].

وَيُزَادُ فِي أَذَانِ الصُّبْحِ: «الصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّوْمِ مَرَّتَيْنِ» [د، قط، مه].

wa-yuzādu fī ʾadhāni al-ṣubḥi: «al-ṣalātu khayrun mina al-nawmi marratayni» [د، قط، مه].

The following is added to the dawn call to prayer: «Prayer is better than sleep», twice [د، قط، مه].

وَإِذَا سَمِعَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ:

wa-ʾidhā samiʿa al-muʾadhdhina:

When he hears the caller to prayer:

«فَلْيَقُلْ كَمَا يَقُولُ» [ع، ي]، وَبَعْدَ الْحَيْعَلَةِ(١): لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ [خ، م، د، س].

«fa-lyaqul kamā yaqūlu» [ع، ي], wa-baʿda al-ḥayʿalati(1): lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata ʾillā bi-llāhi [خ، م، د، س].

«Let him say what the caller says» [ع، ي], but after the two calls to prayer and success(1), he should say: «There is no power and no strength except through Allah» [خ، م، د، س].

«إِذَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَلْبِهِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ» [م، د، س].

«ʾidhā qāla dhālika min qalbihi dakhala al-jannata» [م، د، س].

«If he says that sincerely from his heart, he will enter Paradise» [م، د، س].

«مَنْ قَالَ حِينَ يَسْمَعُ الْمُؤَذِّنَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، رَضِيتُ بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولًا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا. غُفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْبُهُ» [م، عه، ي].

«man qāla ḥīna yasmaʿu al-muʾadhdhina: ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, wa-ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu, raḍītu bi-llāhi rabban, wa-bimuḥammadin rasūlan, wa-bi-l-ʾislāmi dīnan. ghufira lahu dhanbuhu» [م، عه، ي].

«Whoever says upon hearing the caller to prayer, “I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah alone, with no partner, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. I am pleased with Allah as my Lord, Muhammad as my Messenger, and Islam as my religion,” will have his sin forgiven» [م، عه، ي].

«مَنْ قَالَ مِثْلَ مَقَالِهِ - يَعْنِي الْمُؤَذِّنَ - وَشَهِدَ مِثْلَ شَهَادَتِهِ، فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ» [ص].

«man qāla mithla maqālihi - yaʿnī al-muʾadhdhina - wa-shahida mithla shahādatihi, fa-lahu al-jannatu» [ص].

«Whoever repeats what he—the caller to prayer—says and bears witness as he bears witness will have Paradise» [ص].

وَكَانَ إِذَا سَمِعَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ يَتَشَهَّدُ قَالَ: «وَأَنَا، وَأَنَا» [د، حب، مس].

wa-kāna ʾidhā samiʿa al-muʾadhdhina yatashahhadu qāla: «wa-ʾanā, wa-ʾanā» [د، حب، مس].

When he heard the caller to prayer recite the two testimonies, he would say: «And so do I, and so do I» [د، حب، مس].

ثُمَّ لِيُصَلِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ. ثُمَّ يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ لَهُ الْوَسِيلَةَ [م، د، ت، س، ي]، يَقُولُ:

thumma liyuṣalli ʿalā al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam. thumma yasʾalu Allāha lahu al-wasīlata [م، د، ت، س، ي], yaqūlu:

Then he should invoke blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and then ask Allah to grant him the means of approach [م، د، ت، س، ي], saying:

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التَّامَّةِ، وَالصَّلَاةِ الْقَائِمَةِ، آتِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ، وَابْعَثْهُ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا (الْمَقَامَ الْمَحْمُودَ) [س، حب] الَّذِي وَعَدْتَهُ» [خ، عه، حب، سني]، «إِنَّكَ لَا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ» [سني].

«Allāhumma rabba hādhihi al-daʿwati al-tāmmati, wa-l-ṣalāti al-qāʾimati, ʾāti muḥammadan al-wasīlata wa-l-faḍīlata, wa-ibʿathhu maqāman maḥmūdan (al-maqāma al-maḥmūda) [س، حب] alladhī waʿadtahu» [خ، عه، حب، سني], «ʾinnaka lā tukhlifu al-mīʿāda» [سني].

«O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and the prayer about to be established, grant Muhammad the means of approach and distinction, and raise him to a praised station (the Praised Station) [س، حب] that You have promised him» [خ، عه، حب، سني]. «You never break Your promise» [سني].

«مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَسْمَعُ النِّدَاءَ، فَيُكَبِّرُ وَيُكَبِّرُ، وَيَقُولُ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ. وَيَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ،

«mā min muslimin yasmaʿu al-nidāʾa, fa-yukabbiru wa-yukabbiru, wa-yaqūlu: ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu. wa-yashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan rasūlu Allāhi,

«No Muslim hears the call and repeats its declarations of Allah’s greatness, says, “I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah,” and bears witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,

ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُحَمَّدًا الْوَسِيلَةَ وَالْفَضِيلَةَ، وَاجْعَلْهُ فِي الْأَعْلَيْنَ دَرَجَتَهُ، وَفِي الْمُصْطَفَيْنَ مَحَبَّتَهُ، وَفِي الْمُقَرَّبِينَ ذِكْرَهُ، إِلَّا وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الشَّفَاعَةُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» [ط].

thumma yaqūlu: Allāhumma ʾaʿṭi muḥammadan al-wasīlata wa-l-faḍīlata, wa-ijʿalhu fī al-ʾaʿlayna darajatahu, wa-fī al-muṣṭafayna maḥabbatahu, wa-fī al-muqarrabīna dhikrahu, ʾillā wajabat lahu al-shafāʿatu yawma al-qiyāmati» [ط].

then says, “O Allah, grant Muhammad the means of approach and distinction; place his rank among the highest, his love among those You have chosen, and his renown among those brought near,” then intercession will certainly be assured for him on the Day of Resurrection» [ط].

(١) بَعْدَ قَوْلِ الْمُؤَذِّنِ حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ.

(1) baʿda qawli al-muʾadhdhini ḥayya ʿalā al-ṣalāti, ḥayya ʿalā al-falāḥi.

(1) After the caller to prayer says, “Come to prayer” and “Come to success.”

 

«مَنْ قَالَ حِينَ يُنَادِي الْمُنَادِي: اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ الْقَائِمَةِ، وَالصَّلَاةِ النَّافِعَةِ، صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَارْضَ عَنِّي رِضًا لَا تَسْخَطُ بَعْدَهُ، اسْتَجَابَ اللَّهُ دَعْوَتَهُ» [أ، طس، ي].

«man qāla ḥīna yunādī al-munādī: Allāhumma rabba hādhihi al-daʿwati al-qāʾimati, wa-l-ṣalāti al-nāfiʿati, ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-irḍa ʿannī riḍan lā taskhaṭu baʿdahu, istajāba Allāhu daʿwatahu» [أ، طس، ي].

«Whoever says when the caller makes the call, “O Allah, Lord of this enduring call and beneficial prayer, bestow blessings upon Muhammad and be pleased with me with a pleasure after which You will never be displeased,” Allah will answer his supplication» [أ، طس، ي].

«مَنْ نَزَلَ بِهِ كَرْبٌ أَوْ شِدَّةٌ، فَلْيَتَحَيَّنِ الْمُنَادِي، فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ كَبَّرَ، وَإِذَا تَشَهَّدَ تَشَهَّدَ، وَإِذَا قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، وَإِذَا قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ قَالَ: حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ،

«man nazala bihi karbun ʾaw shiddatun, fa-lyataḥayyani al-munādī, fa-ʾidhā kabbara kabbara, wa-ʾidhā tashahhada tashahhada, wa-ʾidhā qāla: ḥayya ʿalā al-ṣalāti, qāla: ḥayya ʿalā al-ṣalāti, wa-ʾidhā qāla: ḥayya ʿalā al-falāḥi qāla: ḥayya ʿalā al-falāḥi,

«Whoever is afflicted by distress or hardship should await the caller to prayer. When he declares Allah’s greatness, he should do likewise; when he recites the testimony of faith, he should do likewise; when he says, “Come to prayer,” he should say, “Come to prayer”; and when he says, “Come to success,” he should say, “Come to success.”

ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ هَذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ الصَّادِقَةِ، الْمُسْتَجَابِ لَهَا، دَعْوَةِ الْحَقِّ، وَكَلِمَةِ التَّقْوَى، أَحْيِنَا عَلَيْهَا، وَأَمِتْنَا عَلَيْهَا، وَابْعَثْنَا عَلَيْهَا، وَاجْعَلْنَا مِنْ خِيَارِ أَهْلِهَا، أَحْيَاءً (مَحْيَا)، وَأَمْوَاتًا (وَمَمَاتًا). ثُمَّ يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ حَاجَتَهُ» [مس، ي].

thumma yaqūlu: Allāhumma rabba hādhihi al-daʿwati al-ṣādiqati, al-mustajābi lahā, daʿwati al-ḥaqqi, wa-kalimati al-taqwā, ʾaḥyinā ʿalayhā, wa-ʾamitnā ʿalayhā, wa-ibʿathnā ʿalayhā, wa-ijʿalnā min khiyāri ʾahlihā, ʾaḥyāʾan (maḥyā), wa-ʾamwātan (wa-mamātan). thumma yasʾalu Allāha ḥājatahu» [مس، ي].

Then he should say, “O Allah, Lord of this truthful call that is answered, the call of truth and the word of piety, let us live by it, die by it, and be raised by it. Make us among the best of its people, in life (while living) and in death (while dying).” Then he should ask Allah for what he needs» [مس، ي].

«وَالدُّعَاءُ بَيْنَ الْأَذَانِ وَالْإِقَامَةِ لَا يُرَدُّ (مُسْتَجَابٌ) [د، ت، س، حب، ص]، فَادْعُوا» [ص]، «فَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ الْعَافِيَةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ» [ت].

«wa-l-duʿāʾu bayna al-ʾadhāni wa-l-ʾiqāmati lā yuraddu (mustajābun) [د، ت، س، حب، ص], fa-udʿū» [ص], «fa-isʾalū Allāha al-ʿāfiyata fī al-dunyā wa-l-ʾākhirati» [ت].

«Supplication between the call to prayer and the call to commence prayer is not rejected (is answered) [د، ت، س، حب، ص], so supplicate» [ص], «and ask Allah for well-being in this world and the Hereafter» [ت].

وَالْإِقَامَةُ:

wa-l-ʾiqāmatu:

The call to commence prayer is:

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ» [أ، د، ق، مه، ت].

«Allāhu ʾakbaru, Allāhu ʾakbaru, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu, ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan rasūlu Allāhi, ḥayya ʿalā al-ṣalāti, ḥayya ʿalā al-falāḥi, qad qāmati al-ṣalātu, qad qāmati al-ṣalātu, Allāhu ʾakbaru, Allāhu ʾakbaru, lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu» [أ، د، ق، مه، ت].

«Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah. I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Come to prayer. Come to success. The prayer is beginning, the prayer is beginning. Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. There is no deity but Allah» [أ، د، ق، مه، ت].

أَوْ هِيَ كَالْأَذَانِ، إِلَّا فِي التَّرْجِيعِ(١)، وَزِيَادَةِ: قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ [أ، عه، مه].

ʾaw hiya ka-l-ʾadhāni, ʾillā fī al-tarjīʿi(1), wa-ziyādati: qad qāmati al-ṣalātu, qad qāmati al-ṣalātu [أ، عه، مه].

Or it is like the call to prayer, except for repeating the two testimonies first softly and then aloud(1), and for adding: «The prayer is beginning, the prayer is beginning» [أ، عه، مه].

مَا يُقَالُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ

mā yuqālu fī al-ṣalāti

What to Say During Prayer

وَإِذَا قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ:

wa-ʾidhā qāma ʾilā al-ṣalāti al-maktūbati:

When he rises to perform an obligatory prayer:

قَالَ [م، عه، حب] بَعْدَ التَّكْبِيرِ [م، ت]:

qāla [م، عه، حب] baʿda al-takbīri [م، ت]:

He should say [م، عه، حب] after declaring Allah’s greatness [م، ت]:

«وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي فَطَرَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ حَنِيفًا(٢)، وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، إِنَّ صَلَاتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَبِذَلِكَ أُمِرْتُ، وَأَنَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ الْمَلِكُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ، أَنْتَ

«wajjahtu wajhiya li-lladhī faṭara al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍa ḥanīfan(2), wa-mā ʾanā mina al-mushrikīna, ʾinna ṣalātī wa-nusukī wa-maḥyāya wa-mamātī li-llāhi rabbi al-ʿālamīna, lā sharīka lahu, wa-bi-dhālika ʾumirtu, wa-ʾanā mina al-muslimīna. Allāhumma ʾanta al-maliku, lā ʾilāha ʾillā ʾanta, ʾanta

«I turn my face toward the One who originated the heavens and earth, inclining uprightly to the truth(2), and I am not one of those who associate partners with Allah. My prayer, my sacrificial rites, my life, and my death are for Allah, Lord of all worlds, with no partner. This I have been commanded, and I am one of the Muslims. O Allah, You are the King; there is no deity but You. You are

(١) التَّرْجِيعُ فِي الْأَذَانِ: أَنْ يُثَنِّيَ الشَّهَادَتَيْنِ أَوَّلًا خَفِيًّا ثُمَّ يُثَنِّيهِمَا مَرَّةً ثَانِيَةً مَرْفُوعَ الصَّوْتِ.

(1) al-tarjīʿu fī al-ʾadhāni: ʾan yuthanniya al-shahādatayni ʾawwalan khafiyyan thumma yuthannīhimā marratan thāniyatan marfūʿa al-ṣawti.

(1) Repetition in the call to prayer means reciting the two testimonies twice softly at first, and then reciting them twice again in a raised voice.

(٢) حَنِيفًا: الْحَنِيفُ الْمَائِلُ إِلَى الدِّينِ الْحَقِّ وَهُوَ الْإِسْلَامُ.

(2) ḥanīfan: al-ḥanīfu al-māʾilu ʾilā al-dīni al-ḥaqqi wa-huwa al-ʾislāmu.

(2) A hanif is one who inclines toward the true religion, which is Islam.

  

رَبِّي، وَأَنَا عَبْدُكَ، ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي، وَاعْتَرَفْتُ بِذَنْبِي، فَاغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي جَمِيعًا، إِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ، وَاهْدِنِي لِأَحْسَنِ الْأَخْلَاقِ، لَا يَهْدِي لِأَحْسَنِهَا إِلَّا أَنْتَ، وَاصْرِفْ عَنِّي سَيِّئَهَا، لَا يَصْرِفُ عَنِّي سَيِّئَهَا إِلَّا أَنْتَ،

rabbī, wa-ʾanā ʿabduka, ẓalamtu nafsī, wa-iʿtaraftu bidhanbī, fa-ighfir lī dhunūbī jamīʿan, ʾinnahu lā yaghfiru al-dhunūba ʾillā ʾanta, wa-ihdinī li-ʾaḥsani al-ʾakhlāqi, lā yahdī li-ʾaḥsanihā ʾillā ʾanta, wa-iṣrif ʿannī sayyiʾahā, lā yaṣrifu ʿannī sayyiʾahā ʾillā ʾanta,

my Lord, and I am Your servant. I have wronged myself and acknowledged my sin, so forgive me all my sins, for none forgives sins but You. Guide me to the finest character, for none guides to it but You; and turn bad character away from me, for none turns it away from me but You.

لَبَّيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ، وَالْخَيْرُ كُلُّهُ بِيَدَيْكَ، وَالشَّرُّ لَيْسَ إِلَيْكَ(١)، أَنَا بِكَ وَإِلَيْكَ، تَبَارَكْتَ وَتَعَالَيْتَ، أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ» [م، عه، حب، ط].

labbayka wa-saʿdayka, wa-l-khayru kulluhu biyadayka, wa-l-sharru laysa ʾilayka(1), ʾanā bika wa-ʾilayka, tabārakta wa-taʿālayta, ʾastaghfiruka wa-ʾatūbu ʾilayka» [م، عه، حب، ط].

Here I am at Your service, devoted to pleasing You. All good is in Your hands, and evil is not to You(1). I exist through You and return to You. Blessed and exalted are You. I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You» [م، عه، حب، ط].

«اللَّهُمَّ بَاعِدْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ خَطَايَايَ كَمَا بَاعَدْتَ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْسِلْ (اغْسِلْنِي مِنْ) خَطَئِي بِالْمَاءِ وَالثَّلْجِ وَالْبَرَدِ» [خ، م، د، س، ق].

«Allāhumma bāʿid baynī wa-bayna khaṭāyāya kamā bāʿadta bayna al-mashriqi wa-l-maghribi, Allāhumma ighsil (ighsilnī min) khaṭaʾī bi-l-māʾi wa-l-thalji wa-l-baradi» [خ، م، د، س، ق].

«O Allah, distance me from my sins as You have distanced the east from the west. O Allah, wash away (wash me of) my sins with water, snow, and hail» [خ، م، د، س، ق].

«سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ، تَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ، وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ، وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ» [د، ت، ق، مس، ط، مو، م].

«subḥānaka Allāhumma wa-biḥamdika, tabāraka ismuka, wa-taʿālā jadduka, wa-lā ʾilāha ghayruka» [د، ت، ق، مس، ط، مو، م].

«Glory and praise be to You, O Allah. Blessed is Your name, exalted is Your majesty, and there is no deity besides You» [د، ت، ق، مس، ط، مو، م].

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيرًا، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَثِيرًا، وَسُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا» [م، ت، س].

«Allāhu ʾakbaru kabīran, wa-l-ḥamdu li-llāhi kathīran, wa-subḥāna Allāhi bukratan wa-ʾaṣīlan» [م، ت، س].

«Allah is truly the Greatest; abundant praise is due to Allah; and glory be to Allah morning and evening» [م، ت، س].

«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا [م، د، س] فِيهِ» [د، س].

«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi ḥamdan kathīran ṭayyiban mubārakan [م، د، س] fīhi» [د، س].

«All praise is due to Allah—abundant, wholesome, blessed praise» [م، د، س] «within it» [د، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ بَاعِدْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ ذَنْبِي كَمَا بَاعَدْتَ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، وَنَقِّنِي مِنْ خَطِيئَتِي كَمَا نَقَّيْتَ الثَّوْبَ مِنَ الدَّنَسِ» [ط].

«Allāhumma bāʿid baynī wa-bayna dhanbī kamā bāʿadta bayna al-mashriqi wa-l-maghribi, wa-naqqinī min khaṭīʾatī kamā naqqayta al-thawba mina al-danasi» [ط].

«O Allah, distance me from my sin as You have distanced the east from the west, and cleanse me of my offense as You cleanse a garment of filth» [ط].

وَفِي صَلَاةِ التَّطَوُّعِ [د]:

wa-fī ṣalāti al-taṭawwuʿi [د]:

And in a voluntary prayer [د]:

«اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ كَبِيرًا، ثَلَاثًا. الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَثِيرًا، ثَلَاثًا. سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا، ثَلَاثًا. أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ» [و، سني]، «مِنْ نَفْخِهِ، وَنَفْثِهِ، وَهَمْزِهِ» [د، ق، حب، مس، مص، سني].

«Allāhu ʾakbaru kabīran, thalāthan. al-ḥamdu li-llāhi kathīran, thalāthan. subḥāna Allāhi bukratan wa-ʾaṣīlan, thalāthan. ʾaʿūdhu bi-llāhi mina al-shayṭāni al-rajīmi» [و، سني], «min nafkhihi, wa-nafthihi, wa-hamzihi» [د، ق، حب، مس، مص، سني].

«Allah is truly the Greatest», three times. «Abundant praise is due to Allah», three times. «Glory be to Allah morning and evening», three times. «I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan» [و، سني], «from his puffing, his blowing, and his prompting» [د، ق، حب، مس، مص، سني].

«سُبْحَانَ ذِي الْمَلَكُوتِ وَالْجَبَرُوتِ وَالْكِبْرِيَاءِ وَالْعَظَمَةِ» [طس].

«subḥāna dhī al-malakūti wa-l-jabarūti wa-l-kibriyāʾi wa-l-ʿaẓamati» [طس].

«Glory be to the Possessor of the dominion, absolute power, grandeur, and greatness» [طس].

وَ«إِذَا قَالَ الْإِمَامُ ﴿غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ﴾ [الْفَاتِحَةِ: ٧]، فَلْيَقُلِ الْمَأْمُومُ: آمِينَ. يُجِبْهُ اللَّهُ» [م، د، س، ق].

wa-«ʾidhā qāla al-ʾimāmu ﴿ghayri al-maghḍūbi ʿalayhim wa-lā al-ḍāllīna﴾ [al-fātiḥati: 7], fa-lyaquli al-maʾmūmu: ʾāmīna. yujibhu Allāhu» [م، د، س، ق].

«When the imam says, ﴿Not those who incurred wrath, nor those who went astray﴾ [الْفَاتِحَةِ: ٧], the follower should say, “Amin,” and Allah will answer him» [م، د، س، ق].

«إِذَا أَمَّنَ الْإِمَامُ، فَلْيُؤَمِّنِ الْمَأْمُومُ، فَمَنْ وَافَقَ تَأْمِينُهُ تَأْمِينَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ، غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ» [خ، م].

«ʾidhā ʾammana al-ʾimāmu, fa-lyuʾammini al-maʾmūmu, fa-man wāfaqa taʾmīnuhu taʾmīna al-malāʾikati, ghufira lahu mā taqaddama min dhanbihi» [خ، م].

«When the imam says “Amin,” the follower should say “Amin.” Whoever says it at the same time as the angels will have his past sins forgiven» [خ، م].

(١) مَعْنَاهُ لَا يُتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ إِلَيْكَ.

(1) maʿnāhu lā yutaqarrabu bihi ʾilayka.

(1) It means that evil is not a means by which anyone draws near to You.

  

وَلَمَّا قَالَ ﷺ: «آمِينَ» مَدَّ بِهَا صَوْتَهُ [أ، د، ت، مص]، رَفَعَ بِهَا صَوْتَهُ.

wa-lammā qāla ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam: «ʾāmīna» madda bihā ṣawtahu [أ، د، ت، مص], rafaʿa bihā ṣawtahu.

When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said «Amin», he prolonged it with his voice [أ، د، ت، مص] and raised his voice with it.

وَكَانَ إِذَا قَالَ: «آمِينَ»، يُسْمِعُ مَنْ يَلِيهِ مِنَ الصَّفِّ الْأَوَّلِ [د، ق]، فَيَرْتَجُّ بِهَا الْمَسْجِدُ [ق]، وَقَالَ: «آمِينَ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ [ط].

wa-kāna ʾidhā qāla: «ʾāmīna», yusmiʿu man yalīhi mina al-ṣaffi al-ʾawwali [د، ق], fa-yartajju bihā al-masjidu [ق], wa-qāla: «ʾāmīna» thalātha marrātin [ط].

When he said «Amin», he would make those next to him in the first row hear it [د، ق], until the mosque resounded with it [ق]. He also said «Amin» three times [ط].

وَحِينَ قَالَ: ﴿وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ﴾، قَالَ: «رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي، آمِينَ» [ط].

wa-ḥīna qāla: ﴿wa-lā al-ḍāllīna﴾, qāla: «rabbi ighfir lī, ʾāmīna» [ط].

After saying ﴿nor those who went astray﴾, he said: «My Lord, forgive me. Amin» [ط].

وَإِذَا رَكَعَ:

wa-ʾidhā rakaʿa:

When he bows:

«سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ» [م، عه، حب، مس، ر] ثَلَاثًا [ر]، وَذَلِكَ أَدْنَاهُ [د].

«subḥāna rabbiya al-ʿaẓīmi» [م، عه، حب، مس، ر] thalāthan [ر], wa-dhālika ʾadnāhu [د].

«Glory be to my Lord, the Magnificent» [م، عه، حب، مس، ر], three times [ر]; that is the minimum [د].

«سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي» [خ، أ، م، د، س، ق].

«subḥānaka Allāhumma rabbanā wa-biḥamdika, Allāhumma ighfir lī» [خ، أ، م، د، س، ق].

«Glory and praise be to You, O Allah, our Lord. O Allah, forgive me» [خ، أ، م، د، س، ق].

«سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ. ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ» [أ، ط].

«subḥāna Allāhi wa-biḥamdihi. thalātha marrātin» [أ، ط].

«Glory and praise be to Allah», three times [أ، ط].

«اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ رَكَعْتُ، وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ، وَلَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ، خَشَعَ لَكَ سَمْعِي، وَبَصَرِي، وَمُخِّي، وَعَظْمِي، وَعَصَبِي» [م، د، س].

«Allāhumma laka rakaʿtu, wa-bika ʾāmantu, wa-laka ʾaslamtu, khashaʿa laka samʿī, wa-baṣarī, wa-mukhkhī, wa-ʿaẓmī, wa-ʿaṣabī» [م، د، س].

«O Allah, to You I have bowed, in You I have believed, and to You I have submitted. My hearing, my sight, my brain, my bones, and my sinews have humbled themselves before You» [م، د، س].

«سُبُّوحٌ، قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ(١)» [م، د، س].

«subbūḥun, quddūsun, rabbu al-malāʾikati wa-l-rūḥi(1)» [م، د، س].

«Supremely Glorious, Most Holy, Lord of the angels and the Spirit(1)» [م، د، س].

«رَكَعَ لَكَ سَوَادِي(٢)، وَخَيَالِي، وَآمَنَ بِكَ فُؤَادِي، أَبُوءُ(٣) بِنِعْمَتِكَ عَلَيَّ، هَذِهِ يَدَايَ وَمَا جَنَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي» [د].

«rakaʿa laka sawādī(2), wa-khayālī, wa-ʾāmana bika fuʾādī, ʾabūʾu(3) biniʿmatika ʿalayya, hādhihi yadāya wa-mā janaytu ʿalā nafsī» [د].

«My person(2) and my shadow have bowed to You, and my heart has believed in You. I acknowledge(3) Your blessing upon me. Here are my two hands and what I have brought upon myself» [د].

«سُبْحَانَ ذِي الْجَبَرُوتِ، وَالْمَلَكُوتِ، وَالْكِبْرِيَاءِ، وَالْعَظَمَةِ» [د، س].

«subḥāna dhī al-jabarūti, wa-l-malakūti, wa-l-kibriyāʾi, wa-l-ʿaẓamati» [د، س].

«Glory be to the Possessor of absolute power, dominion, grandeur, and greatness» [د، س].

وَإِذَا قَامَ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ قَالَ:

wa-ʾidhā qāma mina al-rukūʿi qāla:

When he rises from bowing, he should say:

«سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ» [م، عه، ط].

«samiʿa Allāhu liman ḥamidahu» [م، عه، ط].

«Allah hears the one who praises Him» [م، عه، ط].

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ» [خ، م، ت، س، د]، «رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ» [خ، م]، «رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ» [خ]، «رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ» [خ، د، س].

«Allāhumma rabbanā laka al-ḥamdu» [خ، م، ت، س، د], «rabbanā wa-laka al-ḥamdu» [خ، م], «rabbanā laka al-ḥamdu» [خ], «rabbanā wa-laka al-ḥamdu ḥamdan kathīran ṭayyiban mubārakan fīhi» [خ، د، س].

«O Allah, our Lord, to You belongs all praise» [خ، م، ت، س، د]. «Our Lord, and to You belongs all praise» [خ، م]. «Our Lord, to You belongs all praise» [خ]. «Our Lord, and to You belongs abundant, wholesome, blessed praise» [خ، د، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ مِلْءَ السَّمَاوَاتِ، وَمِلْءَ الْأَرْضِ، وَمِلْءَ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدُ، اللَّهُمَّ طَهِّرْنِي بِالثَّلْجِ، وَالْبَرَدِ، وَالْمَاءِ الْبَارِدِ، اللَّهُمَّ طَهِّرْنِي مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَالْخَطَايَا كَمَا يُنَقَّى الثَّوْبُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْوَسَخِ (الدَّنَسِ، الدَّرَنِ)» [م، د، ت، ق].

«Allāhumma laka al-ḥamdu milʾa al-samāwāti, wa-milʾa al-ʾarḍi, wa-milʾa mā shiʾta min shayʾin baʿdu, Allāhumma ṭahhirnī bi-l-thalji, wa-l-baradi, wa-l-māʾi al-bāridi, Allāhumma ṭahhirnī mina al-dhunūbi wa-l-khaṭāyā kamā yunaqqā al-thawbu al-ʾabyaḍu mina al-wasakhi (al-danasi, al-darani)» [م، د، ت، ق].

«O Allah, to You belongs all praise, filling the heavens, filling the earth, and filling whatever else You will thereafter. O Allah, purify me with snow, hail, and cold water. O Allah, purify me of sins and offenses as a white garment is cleansed of dirt (filth, grime)» [م، د، ت، ق].

(١) الرُّوحُ مَلَكٌ عَظِيمٌ، وَقِيلَ هُوَ جِبْرِيلُ، وَقِيلَ إِنَّ الرُّوحَ خَلْقٌ لَا تَرَاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كَنِسْبَةِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ إِلَيْنَا.

(1) al-rūḥu malakun ʿaẓīmun, wa-qīla huwa jibrīlu, wa-qīla ʾinna al-rūḥa khalqun lā tarāhumu al-malāʾikatu kanisbati al-malāʾikati ʾilaynā.

(1) The Spirit is a mighty angel; it is also said to be Gabriel. Another view is that “the Spirit” is a collective name for beings whom the angels cannot see, just as we cannot see the angels.

(٢) سَوَادِي: شَخْصِي.

(2) sawādī: shakhṣī.

(2) “My person” means: my physical self.

(٣) أَبُوءُ: أَعْتَرِفُ وَأُقِرُّ وَأَلْتَزِمُ.

(3) ʾabūʾu: ʾaʿtarifu wa-ʾuqirru wa-ʾaltazimu.

(3) “I acknowledge” means: I admit, affirm, and accept responsibility.

 

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ مِلْءَ السَّمَاوَاتِ، وَمِلْءَ الْأَرْضِ، وَمِلْءَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا، وَمِلْءَ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدُ، أَهْلَ الثَّنَاءِ وَالْمَجْدِ، أَحَقُّ مَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ، وَكُلُّنَا لَكَ عَبْدٌ؛ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ» [م، د، س].

«Allāhumma rabbanā laka al-ḥamdu milʾa al-samāwāti, wa-milʾa al-ʾarḍi, wa-milʾa mā baynahumā, wa-milʾa mā shiʾta min shayʾin baʿdu, ʾahla al-thanāʾi wa-l-majdi, ʾaḥaqqu mā qāla al-ʿabdu, wa-kullunā laka ʿabdun; lā māniʿa limā ʾaʿṭayta, wa-lā muʿṭiya limā manaʿta, wa-lā yanfaʿu dhā al-jaddi minka al-jaddu» [م، د، س].

“O Allah, our Lord, to You belongs all praise, filling the heavens, filling the earth, filling all that lies between them, and filling whatever else You will thereafter. You are worthy of praise and glory. The truest words a servant can say—and all of us are Your servants—are: none can withhold what You give, none can give what You withhold, and the fortune of one endowed with fortune is of no benefit against You” [م، د، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ مِلْءَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ، وَمِلْءَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا، وَمِلْءَ مَا شِئْتَ بَعْدُ، أَهْلَ الثَّنَاءِ، وَأَهْلَ الْكِبْرِيَاءِ وَالْمَجْدِ، لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ» [ط].

«Allāhumma rabbanā laka al-ḥamdu milʾa al-samāwāti wa-l-ʾarḍi, wa-milʾa mā baynahumā, wa-milʾa mā shiʾta baʿdu, ʾahla al-thanāʾi, wa-ʾahla al-kibriyāʾi wa-l-majdi, lā māniʿa limā ʾaʿṭayta, wa-lā yanfaʿu dhā al-jaddi minka al-jaddu» [ط].

“O Allah, our Lord, to You belongs all praise, filling the heavens and the earth, filling all that lies between them, and filling whatever else You will thereafter. You are worthy of praise, greatness, and glory. None can withhold what You give, and the fortune of one endowed with fortune is of no benefit against You” [ط].

وَإِذَا سَجَدَ:

wa-ʾidhā sajada:

When he prostrates:

«سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى» [م، عه، حب، مس]، ثَلَاثًا [ر]، وَذَلِكَ أَدْنَاهُ [د].

«subḥāna rabbiya al-ʾaʿlā» [م، عه، حب، مس], thalāthan [ر], wa-dhālika ʾadnāhu [د].

“Glory be to my Lord, the Most High” [م، عه، حب، مس], three times [ر]; this is the minimum [د].

«اللَّهُمَّ أَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَبِمُعَافَاتِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَتِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ، لَا أُحْصِي ثَنَاءً عَلَيْكَ، أَنْتَ كَمَا أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ» [م، عه].

«Allāhumma ʾaʿūdhu biriḍāka min sakhaṭika, wa-bimuʿāfātika min ʿuqūbatika, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika minka, lā ʾuḥṣī thanāʾan ʿalayka, ʾanta kamā ʾathnayta ʿalā nafsika» [م، عه].

“O Allah, I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your wrath, in Your pardon from Your punishment, and in You from You. I cannot enumerate praise of You; You are as You have praised Yourself” [م، عه].

«اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ سَجَدْتُ، وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ، وَلَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ، سَجَدَ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي خَلَقَهُ، وَصَوَّرَهُ، فَأَحْسَنَ صُوَرَهُ [د، س]، وَشَقَّ سَمْعَهُ وَبَصَرَهُ، تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ» [م، د، س].

«Allāhumma laka sajadtu, wa-bika ʾāmantu, wa-laka ʾaslamtu, sajada wajhiya li-lladhī khalaqahu, wa-ṣawwarahu, fa-ʾaḥsana ṣuwarahu [د، س], wa-shaqqa samʿahu wa-baṣarahu, tabāraka Allāhu ʾaḥsanu al-khāliqīna» [م، د، س].

“O Allah, to You I have prostrated, in You I have believed, and to You I have submitted. My face has prostrated to the One who created it, fashioned it, and made its form beautiful [د، س], and who opened its hearing and sight. Blessed is Allah, the best of creators” [م، د، س].

«خَشَعَ سَمْعِي، وَبَصَرِي، وَدَمِي، وَلَحْمِي، وَعَظْمِي، وَعَصَبِي» [حب]، «وَمَا اسْتَقَلَّتْ بِهِ قَدَمِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ» [س، حب].

«khashaʿa samʿī, wa-baṣarī, wa-damī, wa-laḥmī, wa-ʿaẓmī, wa-ʿaṣabī» [حب], «wa-mā istaqallat bihi qadamī li-llāhi rabbi al-ʿālamīna» [س، حب].

“My hearing, sight, blood, flesh, bones, and sinews have humbled themselves” [حب], “as has all that my feet carry, before Allah, Lord of the worlds” [س، حب].

«سُبُّوحٌ قُدُّوسٌ، رَبُّ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالرُّوحِ» [م، د، س].

«subbūḥun quddūsun, rabbu al-malāʾikati wa-l-rūḥi» [م، د، س].

“Supremely Glorious, Most Holy, Lord of the angels and the Spirit” [م، د، س].

«سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ» [خ، م، د، س، ق].

«subḥānaka Allāhumma rabbanā wa-biḥamdika» [خ، م، د، س، ق].

“Glory and praise be to You, O Allah, our Lord” [خ، م، د، س، ق].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي ذَنْبِيَ كُلَّهُ، دِقَّهُ وَجِلَّهُ، أَوَّلَهُ وَآخِرَهُ، عَلَانِيَتَهُ وَسِرَّهُ» [م، د].

«Allāhumma ighfir lī dhanbiya kullahu, diqqahu wa-jillahu, ʾawwalahu wa-ʾākhirahu, ʿalāniyatahu wa-sirrahu» [م، د].

“O Allah, forgive me all my sin: its minor and major, its first and last, its open and secret” [م، د].

«اللَّهُمَّ سَجَدَ لَكَ سَوَادِي، وَخَيَالِي، وَبِكَ آمَنَ فُؤَادِي، أَبُوءُ بِنِعْمَتِكَ عَلَيَّ، وَهَذَا مَا جَنَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي، يَا عَظِيمُ يَا عَظِيمُ، اغْفِرْ لِي، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ الْعَظِيمَةَ إِلَّا الرَّبُّ الْعَظِيمُ» [م، س].

«Allāhumma sajada laka sawādī, wa-khayālī, wa-bika ʾāmana fuʾādī, ʾabūʾu biniʿmatika ʿalayya, wa-hādhā mā janaytu ʿalā nafsī, yā ʿaẓīmu yā ʿaẓīmu, ighfir lī, fa-ʾinnahu lā yaghfiru al-dhunūba al-ʿaẓīmata ʾillā al-rabbu al-ʿaẓīmu» [م، س].

“O Allah, my body and my very being have prostrated to You, and my heart has believed in You. I acknowledge Your blessing upon me and what I have brought upon myself. O Magnificent One, O Magnificent One, forgive me, for none forgives grave sins but the Magnificent Lord” [م، س].

«سُبْحَانَ ذِي الْمُلْكِ وَالْمَلَكُوتِ، سُبْحَانَ ذِي الْعِزَّةِ وَالْجَبَرُوتِ، سُبْحَانَ الْحَيِّ الَّذِي لَا يَمُوتُ، أَعُوذُ بِعَفْوِكَ مِنْ عِقَابِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ، جَلَّ وَجْهُكَ» [مس].

«subḥāna dhī al-mulki wa-l-malakūti, subḥāna dhī al-ʿizzati wa-l-jabarūti, subḥāna al-ḥayyi alladhī lā yamūtu, ʾaʿūdhu biʿafwika min ʿiqābika, wa-ʾaʿūdhu biriḍāka min sakhaṭika, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika minka, jalla wajhuka» [مس].

“Glory be to the Possessor of sovereignty and the unseen dominion. Glory be to the Possessor of might and irresistible power. Glory be to the Ever-Living One who never dies. I seek refuge in Your pardon from Your punishment, in Your pleasure from Your wrath, and in You from You. Majestic is Your Countenance” [مس].

(١) ذَا الْجَدِّ: أَيْ الْحَظَّ وَالْغِنَى وَالْعَظَمَةَ، أَوِ الْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْفَعُهُ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا يَنْفَعُهُ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ.

(1) dhā al-jaddi: ʾay al-ḥaẓẓa wa-l-ghinā wa-l-ʿaẓamata, ʾawi al-maʿnā ʾannahu lā yanfaʿuhu dhālika ʾinnamā yanfaʿuhu al-ʿamalu al-ṣāliḥu.

(1) “One endowed with fortune” means one who possesses good fortune, wealth, and greatness. Alternatively, the meaning is that none of this benefits him; only righteous deeds benefit him.

 

«رَبِّ أَعْطِ نَفْسِي تَقْوَاهَا، زَكِّهَا أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا، أَنْتَ وَلِيُّهَا وَمَوْلَاهَا» [أ].

«rabbi ʾaʿṭi nafsī taqwāhā, zakkihā ʾanta khayru man zakkāhā, ʾanta waliyyuhā wa-mawlāhā» [أ].

“My Lord, grant my soul its piety and purify it; You are the best to purify it. You are its Guardian and Master” [أ].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي مَا أَسْرَرْتُ، وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ» [مص].

«Allāhumma ighfir lī mā ʾasrartu, wa-mā ʾaʿlantu» [مص].

“O Allah, forgive what I have concealed and what I have made public” [مص].

«اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فِي قَلْبِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ فِي سَمْعِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ فِي بَصَرِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ أَمَامِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ خَلْفِي نُورًا، وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ تَحْتِي نُورًا، وَأَعْظِمْ لِي نُورًا» [مص].

«Allāhumma ijʿal fī qalbī nūran, wa-ijʿal fī samʿī nūran, wa-ijʿal fī baṣarī nūran, wa-ijʿal ʾamāmī nūran, wa-ijʿal khalfī nūran, wa-ijʿal min taḥtī nūran, wa-ʾaʿẓim lī nūran» [مص].

“O Allah, place light in my heart, light in my hearing, light in my sight, light before me, light behind me, and light beneath me, and magnify light for me” [مص].

مَا يُقَالُ فِي سَجْدَةِ التِّلَاوَةِ

mā yuqālu fī sajdati al-tilāwati

What to Say in the Prostration of Recitation

وَفِي سُجُودِ الْقُرْآنِ:

wa-fī sujūdi al-qurʾāni:

During a prostration for Qur'an recitation:

«سَجَدَ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّذِي خَلَقَهُ وَصَوَّرَهُ، وَشَقَّ سَمْعَهُ وَبَصَرَهُ، بِحَوْلِهِ وَقُوَّتِهِ» [س، د، ت، مس]، مِرَارًا [د]، «فَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ» [مس].

«sajada wajhiya li-lladhī khalaqahu wa-ṣawwarahu, wa-shaqqa samʿahu wa-baṣarahu, biḥawlihi wa-quwwatihi» [س، د، ت، مس], mirāran [د], «fa-tabāraka Allāhu ʾaḥsanu al-khāliqīna» [مس].

“My face has prostrated to the One who created and fashioned it and opened its hearing and sight by His power and strength” [س، د، ت، مس], repeated several times [د]; “Blessed is Allah, the best of creators” [مس].

«اللَّهُمَّ اكْتُبْ لِي عِنْدَكَ بِهَا أَجْرًا، وَضَعْ عَنِّي بِهَا وِزْرًا، وَاجْعَلْهَا لِي عِنْدَكَ ذُخْرًا، وَتَقَبَّلْهَا مِنِّي كَمَا تَقَبَّلْتَهَا مِنْ عَبْدِكَ دَاوُدَ» [ت، ق، حب، مس].

«Allāhumma uktub lī ʿindaka bihā ʾajran, waḍaʿ ʿannī bihā wizran, wa-ijʿalhā lī ʿindaka dhukhran, wa-taqabbalhā minnī kamā taqabbaltahā min ʿabdika dāwūda» [ت، ق، حب، مس].

“O Allah, record a reward for me through it, remove a burden from me through it, store it with You as a treasure for me, and accept it from me as You accepted it from Your servant David” [ت، ق، حب، مس].

«مَا وَضَعَ رَجُلٌ جَبْهَتَهُ لِلَّهِ سَاجِدًا فَقَالَ: يَا رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي، ثَلَاثًا، إِلَّا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَقَدْ غُفِرَ لَهُ» [مو، مص].

«mā waḍaʿa rajulun jabhatahu li-llāhi sājidan fa-qāla: yā rabbi ighfir lī, thalāthan, ʾillā rafaʿa raʾsahu wa-qad ghufira lahu» [مو، مص].

“No man places his forehead down in prostration to Allah and says three times, ‘My Lord, forgive me,’ without raising his head having been forgiven” [مو، مص].

مَا يُقَالُ بَيْنَ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ

mā yuqālu bayna al-sajdatayni

What to Say Between the Two Prostrations

وَإِذَا جَلَسَ بَيْنَ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ:

wa-ʾidhā jalasa bayna al-sajdatayni:

When he sits between the two prostrations:

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي، وَعَافِنِي، وَاهْدِنِي، وَارْزُقْنِي» [د، ت، ق، مس، سني]، «وَاجْبُرْنِي» [ت، سني]، «وَارْفَعْنِي» [مس، ق، سني].

«Allāhumma ighfir lī wa-irḥamnī, wa-ʿāfinī, wa-ihdinī, wa-urzuqnī» [د، ت، ق، مس، سني], «wa-ujburnī» [ت، سني], «wa-irfaʿnī» [مس، ق، سني].

“O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, grant me well-being, guide me, and provide for me” [د، ت، ق، مس، سني]; “mend my condition” [ت، سني]; “and raise me” [مس، ق، سني].

وَيَقْنُتُ:

wa-yaqnutu:

He should recite the qunut supplication:

فِي الْفَجْرِ [ر، مس، مو، مص]، وَفِي سَائِرِ الصَّلَوَاتِ إِنْ نَزَلَتْ نَازِلَةٌ، إِذَا قَالَ: «سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ» فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأَخِيرَةِ، وَيُؤَمِّنُ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ [أ، د].

fī al-fajri [ر، مس، مو، مص], wa-fī sāʾiri al-ṣalawāti ʾin nazalat nāzilatun, ʾidhā qāla: «samiʿa Allāhu liman ḥamidahu» fī al-rakʿati al-ʾakhīrati, wa-yuʾamminu man khalfahu [أ، د].

In the dawn prayer [ر، مس، مو، مص], and in all the other prayers when a calamity occurs, after saying, “Allah hears whoever praises Him,” in the final unit of prayer; those behind him say Amen [أ، د].

مَا يُقَالُ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ

mā yuqālu fī al-tashahhudi

What to Say in the Tashahhud

وَإِذَا جَلَسَ لِلتَّشَهُّدِ:

wa-ʾidhā jalasa li-l-tashahhudi:

When he sits for the tashahhud:

«التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ، وَالصَّلَوَاتُ، وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ

«al-taḥiyyātu li-llāhi, wa-l-ṣalawātu, wa-l-ṭayyibātu, al-salāmu ʿalayka ʾayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi

“All greetings belong to Allah, as do prayers and all good things. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah

(١) الطَّيِّبَاتُ: قِيلَ هِيَ مَا طَابَ مِنَ الْكَلَامِ، وَقِيلَ ذِكْرُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، وَقِيلَ الْأَعْمَالُ الصَّالِحَةُ.

(1) al-ṭayyibātu: qīla hiya mā ṭāba mina al-kalāmi, wa-qīla dhikru Allāhi taʿālā, wa-qīla al-ʾaʿmālu al-ṣāliḥatu.

(1) “The good things” is said to mean all wholesome speech, the remembrance of Allah Most High, or righteous deeds.

 

وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ (س، سَلَامٌ)، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ» [ع، سني].

wa-barakātuhu, al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna (s, salāmun), ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu» [ع، سني].

and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's righteous servants (in al-Nasa’i: ‘Peace’). I testify that there is no deity but Allah alone, without partner, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger” [ع، سني].

«التَّحِيَّاتُ الْمُبَارَكَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ لِلَّهِ، السَّلَامُ (سَلَامٌ) عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ (س: سَلَامٌ فِيهِمَا)، السَّلَامُ (سَلَامٌ) عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ» [م، عه، حب].

«al-taḥiyyātu al-mubārakātu al-ṣalawātu al-ṭayyibātu li-llāhi, al-salāmu (salāmun) ʿalayka ʾayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi wa-barakātuhu (s: salāmun fīhimā), al-salāmu (salāmun) ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu, wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan rasūlu Allāhi» [م، عه، حب].

“All blessed greetings, prayers, and good things belong to Allah. Peace (variant: ‘peace’ without the definite article) be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah (in al-Nasa’i: the indefinite form in both places). Peace (variant: ‘peace’ without the definite article) be upon us and upon Allah's righteous servants. I testify that there is no deity but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah” [م، عه، حب].

«التَّحِيَّاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ لِلَّهِ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ» [س]، «وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ» [م، د، س، ق].

«al-taḥiyyātu al-ṭayyibātu al-ṣalawātu li-llāhi, al-salāmu ʿalayka ʾayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi wa-barakātuhu, al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu» [س], «wa-ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu» [م، د، س، ق].

“All greetings, good things, and prayers belong to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's righteous servants. I testify that there is no deity but Allah alone, without partner” [س], “and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger” [م، د، س، ق].

«التَّحِيَّاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ، وَالصَّلَوَاتُ، وَالْمُلْكُ لِلَّهِ» [د].

«al-taḥiyyātu al-ṭayyibātu, wa-l-ṣalawātu, wa-l-mulku li-llāhi» [د].

“All greetings, good things, prayers, and sovereignty belong to Allah” [د].

«بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، وَبِاللَّهِ، التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ، وَالصَّلَوَاتُ، وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ» [س، ق، مس].

«bi-ismi Allāhi, wa-bi-llāhi, al-taḥiyyātu li-llāhi, wa-l-ṣalawātu, wa-l-ṭayyibātu, al-salāmu ʿalayka ʾayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi wa-barakātuhu, al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu, wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu» [س، ق، مس].

“In the name of Allah and through Allah. All greetings belong to Allah, as do prayers and good things. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's righteous servants. I testify that there is no deity but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger” [س، ق، مس].

«التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ، الزَّاكِيَاتُ لِلَّهِ، الطَّيِّبَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ لِلَّهِ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ» [مو، مس، طا].

«al-taḥiyyātu li-llāhi, al-zākiyātu li-llāhi, al-ṭayyibātu al-ṣalawātu li-llāhi, al-salāmu ʿalayka ʾayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi wa-barakātuhu, al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu, wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu» [مو، مس، طا].

“All greetings belong to Allah, all pure things belong to Allah, and all good prayers belong to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's righteous servants. I testify that there is no deity but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger” [مو، مس، طا].

«بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ وَبِاللَّهِ خَيْرِ الْأَسْمَاءِ، التَّحِيَّاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ لِلَّهِ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا، وَأَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا،

«bi-ismi Allāhi wa-bi-llāhi khayri al-ʾasmāʾi, al-taḥiyyātu al-ṭayyibātu al-ṣalawātu li-llāhi, ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna muḥammadan ʿabduhu wa-rasūluhu, ʾarsalahu bi-l-ḥaqqi bashīran wa-nadhīran, wa-ʾanna al-sāʿata ʾātiyatun lā rayba fīhā,

“In the name of Allah and through Allah, the Best of Names. All good greetings and prayers belong to Allah. I testify that there is no deity but Allah alone, without partner, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. He sent him with the truth as a bearer of good news and a warner, and the Hour is surely coming, with no doubt in it.

السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي، وَاهْدِنِي» [ط، طس].

al-salāmu ʿalayka ʾayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi wa-barakātuhu, al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna, Allāhumma ighfir lī, wa-ihdinī» [ط، طس].

Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy and blessings of Allah. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's righteous servants. O Allah, forgive me and guide me” [ط، طس].

صِفَةُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ

ṣifatu al-ṣalāti ʿalā al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam

How to Invoke Blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)

وَكَيْفِيَّةُ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ:

wa-kayfiyyatu al-ṣalāti ʿalā al-nabiyyi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam:

The manner of invoking blessings upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is:

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [ع].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, wa-ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun, Allāhumma bārik ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, wa-ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [ع].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Abraham and the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Abraham and the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [ع].

  

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [خ، م، س].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun, Allāhumma bārik ʿalā muḥammadin wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [خ، م، س].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [خ، م، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [خ، س].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun, Allāhumma bārik ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [خ، س].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [خ، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِ، وَذُرِّيَّتِهِ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِ، وَذُرِّيَّتِهِ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» [خ، م، د، س، ق، حب]، «إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [م].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾazwājihi, wa-dhurriyyatihi, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾazwājihi, wa-dhurriyyatihi, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma» [خ، م، د، س، ق، حب], «ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [م].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad, his wives, and his offspring, as You sent blessings upon the family of Abraham; and bless Muhammad, his wives, and his offspring, as You blessed the family of Abraham” [خ، م، د، س، ق، حب]. “You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [م].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِكَ وَرَسُولِكَ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» [خ، س، ق].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin ʿabdika wa-rasūlika, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma» [خ، س، ق].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad, Your servant and Messenger, as You sent blessings upon the family of Abraham; and bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed the family of Abraham” [خ، س، ق].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَآلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» [خ].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, wa-ʾāli ʾibrāhīma» [خ].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Abraham; and bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Abraham and the family of Abraham” [خ].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فِي الْعَالَمِينَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [م، د، ت، س].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, fī al-ʿālamīna ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [م، د، ت، س].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon the family of Abraham; and bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed the family of Abraham among all peoples. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [م، د، ت، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ» [د، س]، «كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [مس].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin al-nabiyyi al-ʾummiyyi, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin» [د، س], «kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin al-nabiyyi al-ʾummiyyi, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [مس].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad, the unlettered Prophet, and upon the family of Muhammad” [د، س]; “as You sent blessings upon Abraham; and bless Muhammad, the unlettered Prophet, as You blessed Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [مس].

«اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ وَبَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [د].

«Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta wa-bārakta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [د].

“O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad, and bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Abraham and blessed him. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [د].

أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَمَّا السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ فَقَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ، فَكَيْفَ نُصَلِّي عَلَيْكَ إِذَا نَحْنُ صَلَّيْنَا عَلَيْكَ فِي صَلَاتِنَا، صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ؟

ʾaqbala rajulun ḥattā jalasa bayna yaday rasūli Allāhi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam wa-naḥnu ʿindahu, fa-qāla: yā rasūla Allāhi, ʾammā al-salāmu ʿalayka fa-qad ʿarafnāhu, fa-kayfa nuṣallī ʿalayka ʾidhā naḥnu ṣallaynā ʿalayka fī ṣalātinā, ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayka?

A man came and sat before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while we were with him. He said, “O Messenger of Allah, we have learned how to greet you with peace, but how should we invoke blessings upon you when we do so in our prayer? May Allah bless you.”

قَالَ: فَصَمَتَ حَتَّى أَحْبَبْنَا أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَمْ يَسْأَلْهُ [مس]، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ عَلَيَّ، فَقُولُوا: اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ، وَعَلَى آلِ

qāla: fa-ṣamata ḥattā ʾaḥbabnā ʾanna al-rajula lam yasʾalhu [مس], thumma qāla: «ʾidhā ṣallaytum ʿalayya, fa-qūlū: Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin al-nabiyyi al-ʾummiyyi, wa-ʿalā ʾāli

The narrator said: He remained silent until we wished the man had not asked him [مس]. Then he said, “When you invoke blessings upon me, say: O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad, the unlettered Prophet, and upon the family of

  

مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ، وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [حب، مس، أ].

muḥammadin, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma wa-ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, wa-bārik ʿalā muḥammadin al-nabiyyi al-ʾummiyyi, wa-ʿalā ʾāli muḥammadin, kamā bārakta ʿalā ʾibrāhīma, wa-ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [حب، مس، أ].

Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Abraham and the family of Abraham; and bless Muhammad, the unlettered Prophet, and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Abraham and the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [حب، مس، أ].

«مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَكْتَالَ بِالْمِكْيَالِ الْأَوْفَى إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَيْنَا أَهْلَ (مَعًا) الْبَيْتِ، فَلْيَقُلْ: اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ، وَأَزْوَاجِهِ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَذُرِّيَّتِهِ، وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ» [د].

«man sarrahu ʾan yaktāla bi-l-mikyāli al-ʾawfā ʾidhā ṣallā ʿalaynā ʾahla (maʿan) al-bayti, fa-lyaqul: Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā muḥammadin al-nabiyyi, wa-ʾazwājihi ʾummahāti al-muʾminīna, wa-dhurriyyatihi, wa-ʾahli baytihi, kamā ṣallayta ʿalā ʾāli ʾibrāhīma, ʾinnaka ḥamīdun majīdun» [د].

“Whoever wishes to receive the fullest measure when invoking blessings upon us, the Household (both readings), should say: O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad the Prophet, his wives—the Mothers of the Believers—his offspring, and his household, as You sent blessings upon the family of Abraham. You are Praiseworthy, Glorious” [د].

«مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ أَنْزِلْهُ الْمَقْعَدَ الْمُقَرَّبَ عِنْدَكَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؛ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ شَفَاعَتِي» [ر، ط، طس].

«man ṣallā ʿalā muḥammadin wa-qāla: Allāhumma ʾanzilhu al-maqʿada al-muqarraba ʿindaka yawma al-qiyāmati; wajabat lahu shafāʿatī» [ر، ط، طس].

“Whoever invokes blessings upon Muhammad and says, ‘O Allah, grant him the station nearest to You on the Day of Resurrection,’ becomes entitled to my intercession” [ر، ط، طس].

ثُمَّ لِيَتَخَيَّرْ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ أَعْجَبَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَيَدْعُو [خ].

thumma liyatakhayyar mina al-duʿāʾi ʾaʿjabahu ʾilayhi fa-yadʿū [خ].

Then he should choose whichever supplication he likes best and make it [خ].

وَلْيَسْتَعِذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ أَرْبَعٍ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ، وَمِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ، وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ» [م، عه، حب].

wa-lyastaʿidh bi-llāhi min ʾarbaʿin: «Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi jahannama, wa-min ʿadhābi al-qabri, wa-min fitnati al-maḥyā wa-l-mamāti, wa-min sharri fitnati al-masīḥi al-dajjāli» [م، عه، حب].

He should seek refuge in Allah from four things: “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of Hell, the punishment of the grave, the trials of life and death, and the evil trial of the Antichrist” [م، عه، حب].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْمَأْثَمِ وَالْمَغْرَمِ» [خ، م، د، س].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi al-qabri, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min fitnati al-masīḥi al-dajjāli, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min fitnati al-maḥyā wa-l-mamāti, Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika mina al-maʾthami wa-l-maghrami» [خ، م، د، س].

“O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave, I seek refuge in You from the trial of the Antichrist, and I seek refuge in You from the trials of life and death. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from sin and debt” [خ، م، د، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي مَا قَدَّمْتُ، وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ، وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ، وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ، وَمَا أَسْرَفْتُ، وَمَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّي، أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ، وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ» [م، د، ت، س].

«Allāhumma ighfir lī mā qaddamtu, wa-mā ʾakhkhartu, wa-mā ʾasrartu, wa-mā ʾaʿlantu, wa-mā ʾasraftu, wa-mā ʾanta ʾaʿlamu bihi minnī, ʾanta al-muqaddimu, wa-ʾanta al-muʾakhkhiru, lā ʾilāha ʾillā ʾanta» [م، د، ت، س].

“O Allah, forgive what I have done before and what I may do later, what I have concealed and what I have disclosed, my excesses, and what You know better than I do. You are the One who brings forward and the One who puts back. There is no deity but You” [م، د، ت، س].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي ظُلْمًا كَثِيرًا كَثِيرًا [م] (مَعًا)، وَلَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ، فَاغْفِرْ لِي مَغْفِرَةً مِنْ عِنْدِكَ، وَارْحَمْنِي، إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ» [خ، م، ت، س، ق].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ẓalamtu nafsī ẓulman kathīran kathīran [م] (maʿan), wa-lā yaghfiru al-dhunūba ʾillā ʾanta, fa-ighfir lī maghfiratan min ʿindika, wa-irḥamnī, ʾinnaka ʾanta al-ghafūru al-raḥīmu» [خ، م، ت، س، ق].

“O Allah, I have wronged myself greatly—greatly [م] (both readings)—and none forgives sins but You. Grant me forgiveness from Yourself and have mercy on me. You are the All-Forgiving, the Most Merciful” [خ، م، ت، س، ق].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اللَّهُ، الْأَحَدُ، الصَّمَدُ، الَّذِي لَمْ يَلِدْ، وَلَمْ يُولَدْ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ، أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي ذُنُوبِي، إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ» [د، س، مس].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka yā Allāhu, al-ʾaḥadu, al-ṣamadu, alladhī lam yalid, wa-lam yūlad, wa-lam yakun lahu kufuwan ʾaḥadun, ʾan taghfira lī dhunūbī, ʾinnaka ʾanta al-ghafūru al-raḥīmu» [د، س، مس].

“O Allah, I ask You, O Allah—the One, the Eternal Refuge, who neither begets nor is born and to whom none is equal—to forgive my sins. You are the All-Forgiving, the Most Merciful” [د، س، مس].

«إِذَا تَشَهَّدَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَقُلْ: اللَّهُمَّ حَاسِبْنِي حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا» [مس].

«ʾidhā tashahhada ʾaḥadukum fa-lyaqul: Allāhumma ḥāsibnī ḥisāban yasīran» [مس].

“When any of you recites the tashahhud, let him say: O Allah, call me to an easy account” [مس].

وَلْيَقُلْ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ،

wa-lyaqul: «Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi jahannama, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi al-qabri,

He should say: “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of Hell, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave,

(١) أَهْلَ: بِالْفَتْحِ وَبِالْكَسْرِ مَعًا.

(1) ʾahla: bi-l-fatḥi wa-bi-l-kasri maʿan.

(1) The word ahl may be read with either a fatḥah or a kasrah.

 

وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ» [م].

wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min fitnati al-masīḥi al-dajjāli, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min fitnati al-maḥyā wa-l-mamāti» [م].

and I seek refuge in You from the trial of the Antichrist and from the trials of life and death” [م].

وَلْيَقُلْ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ كُلِّهِ، مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْهُ وَمَا لَمْ أَعْلَمْ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا سَأَلَكَ عِبَادُكَ الصَّالِحُونَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا عَاذَ مِنْهُ عِبَادُكَ الصَّالِحُونَ،

wa-lyaqul: «Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka mina al-khayri kullihi, mā ʿalimtu minhu wa-mā lam ʾaʿlam, Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka min khayri mā saʾalaka ʿibāduka al-ṣāliḥūna, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min sharri mā ʿādha minhu ʿibāduka al-ṣāliḥūna,

He should say: “O Allah, I ask You for every good, what I know of it and what I do not know. O Allah, I ask You for the good for which Your righteous servants asked You, and I seek refuge in You from the evil from which Your righteous servants sought Your refuge.

رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً، وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً، وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ، رَبَّنَا إِنَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا، وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ، رَبَّنَا وَآتِنَا مَا وَعَدْتَنَا عَلَى رُسُلِكَ، وَلَا تُخْزِنَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، إِنَّكَ لَا تُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ» [مو، مص].

rabbanā ʾātinā fī al-dunyā ḥasanatan, wa-fī al-ʾākhirati ḥasanatan, wa-qinā ʿadhāba al-nāri, rabbanā ʾinnanā ʾāmannā fa-ighfir lanā dhunūbanā, wa-qinā ʿadhāba al-nāri, rabbanā wa-ʾātinā mā waʿadtanā ʿalā rusulika, wa-lā tukhzinā yawma al-qiyāmati, ʾinnaka lā tukhlifu al-mīʿāda» [مو، مص].

Our Lord, grant us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire. Our Lord, we have believed, so forgive us our sins and protect us from the punishment of the Fire. Our Lord, grant us what You promised us through Your messengers, and do not disgrace us on the Day of Resurrection. You never break Your promise” [مو، مص].

سَيِّدُ الِاسْتِغْفَارِ:

sayyidu al-istighfāri:

The master formula for seeking forgiveness is:

أَنْ يَقُولَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا جَلَسَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ:

ʾan yaqūla al-rajulu ʾidhā jalasa fī ṣalātihi:

For a man to say when seated in his prayer:

«اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ رَبِّي، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ، خَلَقْتَنِي وَأَنَا عَبْدُكَ، وَأَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِكَ وَوَعْدِكَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا صَنَعْتُ، أَبُوءُ بِنِعْمَتِكَ عَلَيَّ، وَأَبُوءُ بِذَنْبِي، فَاغْفِرْ لِي، إِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ» [د].

«Allāhumma ʾanta rabbī, lā ʾilāha ʾillā ʾanta, khalaqtanī wa-ʾanā ʿabduka, wa-ʾanā ʿalā ʿahdika wa-waʿdika mā istaṭaʿtu, ʾaʿūdhu bika min sharri mā ṣanaʿtu, ʾabūʾu biniʿmatika ʿalayya, wa-ʾabūʾu bidhanbī, fa-ighfir lī, ʾinnahu lā yaghfiru al-dhunūba ʾillā ʾanta» [د].

“O Allah, You are my Lord; there is no deity but You. You created me, and I am Your servant. I uphold Your covenant and promise as best I can. I seek refuge in You from the evil I have done. I acknowledge Your blessing upon me, and I acknowledge my sin, so forgive me; none forgives sins but You” [د].

وَإِذَا سَلَّمَ:

wa-ʾidhā sallama:

When he concludes the prayer with salutation:

«لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ - يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ [ر، ط]، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ [ي] - وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، اللَّهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ،

«lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, lahu al-mulku, wa-lahu al-ḥamdu - yuḥyī wa-yumītu [ر، ط], biyadihi al-khayru [ي] - wa-huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun, Allāhumma lā māniʿa limā ʾaʿṭayta,

“There is no deity but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion and His is all praise—He gives life and causes death [ر، ط], and all good is in His hand [ي]—and He has power over all things. O Allah, none can withhold what You give,

وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ» [خ، م، د، س، ر، ط، ي].

wa-lā muʿṭiya limā manaʿta, wa-lā yanfaʿu dhā al-jaddi minka al-jaddu» [خ، م، د، س، ر، ط، ي].

and none can give what You withhold, and the fortune of one endowed with fortune is of no benefit against You” [خ، م، د، س، ر، ط، ي].

أَوْ: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ»، ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ [خ، س].

ʾaw: «lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, lahu al-mulku wa-lahu al-ḥamdu, wa-huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun», thalātha marrātin [خ، س].

Or: “There is no deity but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion, His is all praise, and He has power over all things,” three times [خ، س].

أَوْ مَرَّةً، وَبَعْدَهُ: «لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَلَا نَعْبُدُ إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ، لَهُ النِّعْمَةُ، وَلَهُ الْفَضْلُ، وَلَهُ الثَّنَاءُ الْحَسَنُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ» [م، د، س، مص].

ʾaw marratan, wa-baʿdahu: «lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata ʾillā bi-llāhi, lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu, wa-lā naʿbudu ʾillā ʾiyyāhu, lahu al-niʿmatu, wa-lahu al-faḍlu, wa-lahu al-thanāʾu al-ḥasanu, lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu mukhliṣīna lahu al-dīna wa-law kariha al-kāfirūna» [م، د، س، مص].

Or once, followed by: “There is no power and no strength except through Allah. There is no deity but Allah, and we worship none but Him. His is every blessing, His is all favor, and His is the finest praise. There is no deity but Allah; we devote the religion sincerely to Him, even if the disbelievers detest it” [م، د، س، مص].

«أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ»، ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ. «اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ، وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ، تَبَارَكْتَ [م] يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ» [م، عه، ط، ي].

«ʾastaghfiru Allāha», thalātha marrātin. «Allāhumma ʾanta al-salāmu, wa-minka al-salāmu, tabārakta [م] yā dhā al-jalāli wa-l-ʾikrāmi» [م، عه، ط، ي].

“I seek Allah's forgiveness,” three times. “O Allah, You are Peace, and from You comes peace. Blessed are You [م], O Possessor of Majesty and Honor” [م، عه، ط، ي].

(١) أَبُوءُ لَكَ: أَعْتَرِفُ.

(1) ʾabūʾu laka: ʾaʿtarifu.

(1) “I acknowledge to You” means “I confess.”

(٢) تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهَا.

(2) taqaddama tafsīruhā.

(2) Its explanation was given earlier.

  

«سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ».

«subḥāna Allāhi, wa-l-ḥamdu li-llāhi, wa-Allāhu ʾakbaru».

“Glory be to Allah, all praise is due to Allah, and Allah is the Greatest.”

لِيَكُونَ مِنْهُنَّ كُلِّهِنَّ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ مَرَّةً [خ، م، س]، إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ، وَإِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ، وَإِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ، فَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ ثَلَاثٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ [م]، أَوْ عَشْرًا عَشْرًا عَشْرًا [خ].

liyakūna minhunna kullihinna thalāthan wa-thalāthīna marratan [خ، م، س], ʾiḥdā ʿashrata, wa-ʾiḥdā ʿashrata, wa-ʾiḥdā ʿashrata, fa-dhālika kulluhu thalāthun wa-thalāthūna [م], ʾaw ʿashran ʿashran ʿashran [خ].

All three together should total thirty-three repetitions [خ، م، س]: eleven of each, making thirty-three altogether [م]; or ten of each [خ].

«مَنْ سَبَّحَ اللَّهَ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَكَبَّرَ اللَّهَ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ تَمَامَ الْمِائَةِ:

«man sabbaḥa Allāha dubura kulli ṣalātin thalāthan wa-thalāthīna, wa-ḥamida Allāha thalāthan wa-thalāthīna, wa-kabbara Allāha thalāthan wa-thalāthīna, thumma qāla tamāma al-miʾati:

“Whoever glorifies Allah after every prayer thirty-three times, praises Allah thirty-three times, magnifies Allah thirty-three times, and then completes the hundred by saying:

لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، غُفِرَتْ خَطَايَاهُ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ مِثْلَ زَبَدِ الْبَحْرِ» [م، د، س].

lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, lahu al-mulku, wa-lahu al-ḥamdu, wa-huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun, ghufirat khaṭāyāhu wa-ʾin kānat mithla zabadi al-baḥri» [م، د، س].

There is no deity but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion, His is all praise, and He has power over all things—his sins will be forgiven even if they are like the foam of the sea” [م، د، س].

«مُعَقِّبَاتٌ لَا يَخِيبُ قَائِلُهُنَّ أَوْ فَاعِلُهُنَّ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ: ثَلَاثٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ تَسْبِيحَةً، وَثَلَاثٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ تَحْمِيدَةً، وَأَرْبَعٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ تَكْبِيرَةً» [م، ت، س].

«muʿaqqibātun lā yakhību qāʾiluhunna ʾaw fāʿiluhunna dubura kulli ṣalātin maktūbatin: thalāthun wa-thalāthūna tasbīḥatan, wa-thalāthun wa-thalāthūna taḥmīdatan, wa-ʾarbaʿun wa-thalāthūna takbīratan» [م، ت، س].

“There are acts of remembrance after every obligatory prayer whose speaker or performer will not be disappointed: thirty-three declarations of Allah's glory, thirty-three declarations of His praise, and thirty-four declarations of His greatness” [م، ت، س].

«مَنْ سَبَّحَ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ مِائَةً، وَكَبَّرَ مِائَةً، وَهَلَّلَ مِائَةً، وَحَمِدَ مِائَةً، غُفِرَ لَهُ ذُنُوبُهُ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ زَبَدِ الْبَحْرِ» [س].

«man sabbaḥa dubura kulli ṣalātin maktūbatin miʾatan, wa-kabbara miʾatan, wa-hallala miʾatan, wa-ḥamida miʾatan, ghufira lahu dhunūbuhu wa-ʾin kānat ʾakthara min zabadi al-baḥri» [س].

“Whoever, after every obligatory prayer, glorifies Allah one hundred times, magnifies Him one hundred times, declares His oneness one hundred times, and praises Him one hundred times will have his sins forgiven, even if they exceed the foam of the sea” [س].

أَوْ: مِنْ كُلٍّ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ [ت، س، حب، مس].

ʾaw: min kullin khamsan wa-ʿishrīna [ت، س، حب، مس].

Or: twenty-five of each [ت، س، حب، مس].

أَوْ: مِنْ كُلٍّ مِنَ التَّسْبِيحِ وَالتَّحْمِيدِ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَالتَّكْبِيرِ أَرْبَعًا وَثَلَاثِينَ، وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ [ت، س]، أَوْ: كَذَلِكَ، وَالتَّكْبِيرُ ثَلَاثًا وَثَلَاثِينَ [س].

ʾaw: min kullin mina al-tasbīḥi wa-l-taḥmīdi thalāthan wa-thalāthīna, wa-l-takbīri ʾarbaʿan wa-thalāthīna, wa-lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu ʿashra marrātin [ت، س], ʾaw: ka-dhālika, wa-l-takbīru thalāthan wa-thalāthīna [س].

Or: thirty-three each of glorification and praise, thirty-four declarations of greatness, and “There is no deity but Allah” ten times [ت، س]; or the same, but with thirty-three declarations of greatness [س].

أَوْ: مِنْ كُلٍّ مِنَ التَّسْبِيحِ وَالتَّحْمِيدِ وَالتَّكْبِيرِ مِائَةً مِائَةً، مَعَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ، لَوْ كَانَتْ خَطَايَاهُ مِثْلَ زَبَدِ الْبَحْرِ لَمَحَتْهَا [مو، أ].

ʾaw: min kullin mina al-tasbīḥi wa-l-taḥmīdi wa-l-takbīri miʾatan miʾatan, maʿa: lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, wa-lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata ʾillā bi-llāhi, law kānat khaṭāyāhu mithla zabadi al-baḥri lamaḥathā [مو، أ].

Or: one hundred each of glorification, praise, and magnification, together with: “There is no deity but Allah alone, without partner, and there is no power and no strength except through Allah.” Even if his sins were like the foam of the sea, these words would erase them [مو، أ].

وَآيَةُ الْكُرْسِيِّ دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ، لَمْ يَمْنَعْهُ مِنْ دُخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَمُوتَ [س، حب، ط، ي].

wa-ʾāyatu al-kursiyyi dubura kulli ṣalātin maktūbatin, lam yamnaʿhu min dukhūli al-jannati ʾillā ʾan yamūta [س، حب، ط، ي].

Whoever recites the Throne Verse after every obligatory prayer is prevented from entering Paradise by nothing except death [س، حب، ط، ي].

كَانَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللَّهِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ الْأُخْرَى [ط].

kāna fī dhimmati Allāhi ʾilā al-ṣalāti al-ʾukhrā [ط].

He remains under Allah's protection until the next prayer [ط].

وَلْيَقْرَأِ الْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ (الْمُعَوِّذَاتِ) [د، س، ي] دُبُرَ كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ [د، س، حب، مس، ي].

wa-lyaqraʾi al-muʿawwidhatayni (al-muʿawwidhāti) [د، س، ي] dubura kulli ṣalātin [د، س، حب، مس، ي].

He should recite the two chapters of refuge (variant: the chapters of refuge) [د، س، ي] after every prayer [د، س، حب، مس، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْجُبْنِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ أَنْ أُرَدَّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الدُّنْيَا، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ» [خ، ت، س].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika mina al-jubni, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika ʾan ʾuradda ʾilā ʾardhali al-ʿumuri, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min fitnati al-dunyā, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi al-qabri» [خ، ت، س].

“O Allah, I seek refuge in You from cowardice; I seek refuge in You from being returned to the feeblest stage of life; I seek refuge in You from the trials of this world; and I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave” [خ، ت، س].

(١) مُعَقِّبَاتٌ: هُوَ مِنَ التَّعْقِيبِ وَهُوَ الْجُلُوسُ بَعْدَ انْقِضَاءِ الصَّلَاةِ لِلدُّعَاءِ وَنَحْوِهِ، وَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُرَادَ بِهِ الْعَوْدُ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ أُخْرَى.

(1) muʿaqqibātun: huwa mina al-taʿqībi wa-huwa al-julūsu baʿda inqiḍāʾi al-ṣalāti li-l-duʿāʾi wa-naḥwihi, wa-yajūzu ʾan yurāda bihi al-ʿawdu marratan baʿda ʾukhrā.

(1) Muʿaqqibāt derives from taʿqīb, meaning to remain seated after completing the prayer for supplication and the like. It may also mean returning to something time after time.

  

«رَبِّ قِنِي عَذَابَكَ يَوْمَ تَبْعَثُ (أَوْ تَجْمَعُ) [م، عه] عِبَادَكَ» [عو، م، عه].

«rabbi qinī ʿadhābaka yawma tabʿathu (ʾaw tajmaʿu) [م، عه] ʿibādaka» [عو، م، عه].

“My Lord, protect me from Your punishment on the day You resurrect (or gather) [م، عه] Your servants” [عو، م، عه].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي، وَارْحَمْنِي، وَاهْدِنِي، وَارْزُقْنِي» [عو].

«Allāhumma ighfir lī, wa-irḥamnī, wa-ihdinī, wa-urzuqnī» [عو].

“O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, and provide for me” [عو].

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ جِبْرِيلَ، وَمِيكَائِيلَ، وَإِسْرَافِيلَ، أَعِذْنِي مِنْ حَرِّ النَّارِ وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ» [طس].

«Allāhumma rabba jibrīla, wa-mīkāʾīla, wa-ʾisrāfīla, ʾaʿidhnī min ḥarri al-nāri wa-ʿadhābi al-qabri» [طس].

“O Allah, Lord of Gabriel, Michael, and Israfil, protect me from the heat of the Fire and the punishment of the grave” [طس].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي مَا قَدَّمْتُ، وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ، وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ، وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ، وَمَا أَسْرَفْتُ، وَمَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّي، أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ، وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ» [د، م، ت، حب].

«Allāhumma ighfir lī mā qaddamtu, wa-mā ʾakhkhartu, wa-mā ʾasrartu, wa-mā ʾaʿlantu, wa-mā ʾasraftu, wa-mā ʾanta ʾaʿlamu bihi minnī, ʾanta al-muqaddimu, wa-ʾanta al-muʾakhkhiru, lā ʾilāha ʾillā ʾanta» [د، م، ت، حب].

“O Allah, forgive what I have done before and what I may do later, what I have concealed and what I have disclosed, my excesses, and what You know better than I do. You are the One who brings forward and the One who puts back. There is no deity but You” [د، م، ت، حب].

«اللَّهُمَّ أَعِنِّي عَلَى ذِكْرِكَ، وَشُكْرِكَ، وَحُسْنِ عِبَادَتِكَ» [د، س، حب، مس، ي].

«Allāhumma ʾaʿinnī ʿalā dhikrika, wa-shukrika, wa-ḥusni ʿibādatika» [د، س، حب، مس، ي].

“O Allah, help me to remember You, thank You, and worship You well” [د، س، حب، مس، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَرَبَّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، أَنَا شَهِيدٌ أَنَّكَ الرَّبُّ وَحْدَكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ، اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَرَبَّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، أَنَا شَهِيدٌ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ عَبْدُكَ وَرَسُولُكَ، اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَرَبَّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ،

«Allāhumma rabbanā wa-rabba kulli shayʾin, ʾanā shahīdun ʾannaka al-rabbu waḥdaka lā sharīka laka, Allāhumma rabbanā wa-rabba kulli shayʾin, ʾanā shahīdun ʾanna muḥammadan ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ʿabduka wa-rasūluka, Allāhumma rabbanā wa-rabba kulli shayʾin,

“O Allah, our Lord and Lord of all things, I testify that You alone are the Lord, without partner. O Allah, our Lord and Lord of all things, I testify that Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is Your servant and Messenger. O Allah, our Lord and Lord of all things,

أَنَا شَهِيدٌ أَنَّ الْعِبَادَ كُلَّهُمْ إِخْوَةٌ، اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَرَبَّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، اجْعَلْنِي مُخْلِصًا لَكَ وَأَهْلِي فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ، يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ، اسْمَعْ وَاسْتَجِبْ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ الْأَكْبَرُ، حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ الْأَكْبَرُ» [س، د، ي].

ʾanā shahīdun ʾanna al-ʿibāda kullahum ʾikhwatun, Allāhumma rabbanā wa-rabba kulli shayʾin, ijʿalnī mukhliṣan laka wa-ʾahlī fī kulli sāʿatin fī al-dunyā wa-l-ʾākhirati, yā dhā al-jalāli wa-l-ʾikrāmi, ismaʿ wa-istajib, Allāhu ʾakbaru al-ʾakbaru, ḥasbiya Allāhu wa-niʿma al-wakīlu, Allāhu ʾakbaru al-ʾakbaru» [س، د، ي].

I testify that all servants are brothers. O Allah, our Lord and Lord of all things, make me and my family sincere to You at every hour in this world and the Hereafter. O Possessor of Majesty and Honor, hear and answer. Allah is the Greatest, the Most Great. Allah is sufficient for me and the best Trustee. Allah is the Greatest, the Most Great” [س، د، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْكُفْرِ، وَالْفَقْرِ، وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ» [س، مس، مص، ي].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika mina al-kufri, wa-l-faqri, wa-ʿadhābi al-qabri» [س، مس، مص، ي].

“O Allah, I seek refuge in You from disbelief, poverty, and the punishment of the grave” [س، مس، مص، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِحْ لِي دِينِيَ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَهُ عِصْمَةَ أَمْرِي، وَأَصْلِحْ لِي دُنْيَايَ الَّتِي جَعَلْتَ فِيهَا مَعَاشِي، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِعَفْوِكَ مِنْ نِقْمَتِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ،

«Allāhumma ʾaṣliḥ lī dīniya alladhī jaʿaltahu ʿiṣmata ʾamrī, wa-ʾaṣliḥ lī dunyāya allatī jaʿalta fīhā maʿāshī, Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu biriḍāka min sakhaṭika, wa-ʾaʿūdhu biʿafwika min niqmatika, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika minka,

“O Allah, set right for me my religion, which You have made the safeguard of my affairs, and set right for me my worldly life, in which You have placed my livelihood. O Allah, I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your wrath, in Your pardon from Your vengeance, and in You from You.

لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا رَادَّ لِمَا قَضَيْتَ» [طب]، «وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ» [س، حب].

lā māniʿa limā ʾaʿṭayta, wa-lā muʿṭiya limā manaʿta, wa-lā rādda limā qaḍayta» [طب], «wa-lā yanfaʿu dhā al-jaddi minka al-jaddu» [س، حب].

None can withhold what You give, none can give what You withhold, and none can repel what You decree” [طب]. “The fortune of one endowed with fortune is of no benefit against You” [س، حب].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ خَطَئِي وَعَمْدِي، اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِنِي لِصَالِحِ الْأَعْمَالِ وَالْأَخْلَاقِ، لَا يَهْدِي لِصَالِحِهَا، وَلَا يَصْرِفُ سَيِّئَهَا إِلَّا أَنْتَ» [ر].

«Allāhumma ighfir khaṭaʾī wa-ʿamdī, Allāhumma ihdinī liṣāliḥi al-ʾaʿmāli wa-l-ʾakhlāqi, lā yahdī liṣāliḥihā, wa-lā yaṣrifu sayyiʾahā ʾillā ʾanta» [ر].

“O Allah, forgive my mistakes and my deliberate acts. O Allah, guide me to righteous deeds and character; none guides to what is righteous in them or turns away what is bad in them but You” [ر].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ النَّارِ، وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ، وَمِنْ شَرِّ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ» [عو، مس].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾaʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi al-nāri, wa-ʿadhābi al-qabri, wa-min fitnati al-maḥyā wa-l-mamāti, wa-min sharri al-masīḥi al-dajjāli» [عو، مس].

“O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the Fire, the punishment of the grave, the trials of life and death, and the evil of the Antichrist” [عو، مس].

«اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي خَطَايَايَ، وَذُنُوبِي كُلَّهَا، اللَّهُمَّ أَنْعِشْنِي، وَأَجِرْنِي [ط، ي]

«Allāhumma ighfir lī khaṭāyāya, wa-dhunūbī kullahā, Allāhumma ʾanʿishnī, wa-ʾajirnī [ط، ي]

“O Allah, forgive me my misdeeds and all my sins. O Allah, revive and strengthen me, and protect me [ط، ي]

(١) ذَا الْجَدِّ: أَيْ الْحَظَّ وَالْغِنَى وَالْعَظَمَةَ، أَوِ الْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْفَعُهُ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا يَنْفَعُهُ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ.

(1) dhā al-jaddi: ʾay al-ḥaẓẓa wa-l-ghinā wa-l-ʿaẓamata, ʾawi al-maʿnā ʾannahu lā yanfaʿuhu dhālika ʾinnamā yanfaʿuhu al-ʿamalu al-ṣāliḥu.

(1) “One endowed with fortune” means one who possesses good fortune, wealth, and greatness. Alternatively, the meaning is that none of this benefits him; only righteous deeds benefit him.

(٢) ارْفَعْنِي وَأَنْهِضْنِي مِنْ عَثْرَتِي.

(2) irfaʿnī wa-ʾanhiḍnī min ʿathratī.

(2) Raise me and help me recover from my stumble.

 

وَأَحْيِنِي، وَارْزُقْنِي، وَاهْدِنِي لِصَالِحِ الْأَعْمَالِ وَالْأَخْلَاقِ، إِنَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي لِصَالِحِهَا، وَلَا يَصْرِفُ سَيِّئَهَا إِلَّا أَنْتَ» [مس، ط، ي].

wa-ʾaḥyinī, wa-urzuqnī, wa-ihdinī liṣāliḥi al-ʾaʿmāli wa-l-ʾakhlāqi, ʾinnahu lā yahdī liṣāliḥihā, wa-lā yaṣrifu sayyiʾahā ʾillā ʾanta» [مس، ط، ي].

and give me life, provide for me, and guide me to righteous deeds and character. None guides to what is righteous in them or turns away what is bad in them but You” [مس، ط، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ أَصْلِحْ لِي دِينِي، وَوَسِّعْ لِي فِي دَارِي، وَبَارِكْ لِي فِي رِزْقِي» [أ، ط، ص].

«Allāhumma ʾaṣliḥ lī dīnī, wa-wassiʿ lī fī dārī, wa-bārik lī fī rizqī» [أ، ط، ص].

“O Allah, set right my religion, make my home spacious for me, and bless my provision” [أ، ط، ص].

﴿سُبْحَانَ رَبِّكَ رَبِّ الْعِزَّةِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ، وَسَلَامٌ عَلَى الْمُرْسَلِينَ، وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ [ص، ي].

﴿subḥāna rabbika rabbi al-ʿizzati ʿammā yaṣifūna, wa-salāmun ʿalā al-mursalīna, wa-l-ḥamdu li-llāhi rabbi al-ʿālamīna﴾ [ص، ي].

﴿Glory be to your Lord, the Lord of Might, far above what they attribute to Him. Peace be upon the messengers, and all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds﴾ [ص، ي].

وَكَانَ ﷺ إِذَا صَلَّى، وَفَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ، مَسَحَ بِيَمِينِهِ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ، وَقَالَ: «بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُ، اللَّهُمَّ أَذْهِبْ عَنِّي الْهَمَّ وَالْحَزَنَ» [ر، طس، ي].

wa-kāna ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ʾidhā ṣallā, wa-faragha min ṣalātihi, masaḥa biyamīnihi ʿalā raʾsihi, wa-qāla: «bismi Allāhi alladhī lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu, huwa al-raḥmānu al-raḥīmu, Allāhumma ʾadhhib ʿannī al-hamma wa-l-ḥazana» [ر، طس، ي].

When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) completed his prayer, he would wipe his right hand over his head and say, “In the name of Allah, besides whom there is no deity. He is the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful. O Allah, remove worry and grief from me” [ر، طس، ي].

وَدُبُرَ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ، وَهُوَ ثَانٍ رِجْلَيْهِ [ت، س، طس، ي]، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ [ت، س]:

wa-dubura ṣalāti al-ṣubḥi, wa-huwa thānin rijlayhi [ت، س، طس، ي], qabla ʾan yatakallama [ت، س]:

After the dawn prayer, while his legs were still folded [ت، س، طس، ي] and before speaking [ت، س], he should say:

«لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ» [س، طس]، «وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ»، عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ [ت، س]، مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ [طس، ي].

«lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, lahu al-mulku wa-lahu al-ḥamdu, yuḥyī wa-yumītu, biyadihi al-khayru» [س، طس], «wa-huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun», ʿashra marrātin [ت، س], miʾata marratin [طس، ي].

“There is no deity but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion, His is all praise, He gives life and causes death, and all good is in His hand” [س، طس]; “and He has power over all things,” ten times [ت، س], or one hundred times [طس، ي].

«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقًا طَيِّبًا، وَعِلْمًا نَافِعًا، وَعَمَلًا مُتَقَبَّلًا» [ق، ص، ط، ي].

«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka rizqan ṭayyiban, wa-ʿilman nāfiʿan, wa-ʿamalan mutaqabbalan» [ق، ص، ط، ي].

“O Allah, I ask You for wholesome provision, beneficial knowledge, and accepted deeds” [ق، ص، ط، ي].

وَدُبُرَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالصُّبْحِ جَمِيعًا: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ» [أ، ط]، «وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ»، عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ [س، حب، أ، ط]، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ، وَيَثْنِيَ رِجْلَيْهِ مِنْهُمَا.

wa-dubura al-maghribi wa-l-ṣubḥi jamīʿan: «lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, lahu al-mulku, wa-lahu al-ḥamdu, biyadihi al-khayru» [أ، ط], «wa-huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīrun», ʿashra marrātin [س، حب، أ، ط], qabla ʾan yanṣarifa, wa-yathniya rijlayhi minhumā.

After both the sunset and dawn prayers: “There is no deity but Allah alone, without partner. His is the dominion, His is all praise, and all good is in His hand” [أ، ط]; “and He has power over all things,” ten times [س، حب، أ، ط], before leaving or changing the position of his legs after either prayer.

وَبَعْدَ صَلَاتَيِ الصُّبْحِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ أَيْضًا، قَبْلَ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَجِرْنِي مِنَ النَّارِ»، سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ [د، س، حب].

wa-baʿda ṣalātayi al-ṣubḥi wa-l-maghribi ʾayḍan, qabla ʾan yatakallama: «Allāhumma ʾajirnī mina al-nāri», sabʿa marrātin [د، س، حب].

Also after the dawn and sunset prayers, before speaking: “O Allah, protect me from the Fire,” seven times [د، س، حب].

وَبَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الضُّحَى: «اللَّهُمَّ بِكَ أُحَاوِلُ، وَبِكَ أُصَاوِلُ، وَبِكَ أُقَاتِلُ» [ي].

wa-baʿda ṣalāti al-ḍuḥā: «Allāhumma bika ʾuḥāwilu, wa-bika ʾuṣāwilu, wa-bika ʾuqātilu» [ي].

After the forenoon prayer: “O Allah, through You I strive, through You I overpower, and through You I fight” [ي].

(١) أُحَاوِلُ: أُدَافِعُ وَأَمْنَعُ، وَأُصَاوِلُ: أَقْهَرُ.

(1) ʾuḥāwilu: ʾudāfiʿu wa-ʾamnaʿu, wa-ʾuṣāwilu: ʾaqharu.

(1) “I strive” means “I defend and repel,” and “I overpower” means “I subdue.”