الْحِصْنُ الْحَصِينُ
al-Ḥiṣn al-Ḥaṣīn
THE IMPREGNABLE FORTRESS
From the Words of the Master of the Messengers
مِنْ كَلَامِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ ﷺ
IMAM IBN AL-JAZARĪ
Abū al-Khayr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Ibn al-Jazarī · d. 833 AH
مَا يَتَعَلَّقُ بِالْأَكْلِ وَالشُّرْبِ وَاللِّبَاسِ
mā yataʿallaqu bi-l-ʾakli wa-l-shurbi wa-l-libāsi
Matters Relating to Food, Drink, and Clothing
وَإِذَا دُعِيَ إِلَى طَعَامٍ: فَلْيُجِبْ [م، د، ت، س]، وَلَا سِيَّمَا وَلِيمَةَ الْعُرْسِ [د، ق، عو].
wa-ʾidhā duʿiya ʾilā ṭaʿāmin: fa-lyujib [م، د، ت، س], wa-lā siyyamā walīmata al-ʿursi [د، ق، عو].
When he is invited to a meal, he should accept [م، د، ت، س], especially if it is a wedding feast [د، ق، عو].
فَإِنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا صَلَّى [م، د، ت، س]، وَدَعَا وَبَارَكَ [د، ق، عو].
fa-ʾin kāna ṣāʾiman ṣallā [م، د، ت، س], wa-daʿā wa-bāraka [د، ق، عو].
If he is fasting, he should pray for the host [م، د، ت، س], supplicate, and invoke blessing [د، ق، عو].
وَإِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ: «ذَهَبَ الظَّمَأُ، وَابْتَلَّتِ الْعُرُوقُ، وَثَبَتَ الْأَجْرُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ» [د، س، مس].
wa-ʾidhā ʾafṭara qāla: «dhahaba al-ẓamaʾu, wa-ibtallati al-ʿurūqu, wa-thabata al-ʾajru ʾin shāʾa Allāhu» [د، س، مس].
When he breaks his fast, he should say, “The thirst has gone, the veins are moistened, and the reward is assured, if Allah wills” [د، س، مس].
«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ الَّتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ، أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي ذُنُوبِي» [مو، مس، ق، ي].
«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka biraḥmatika allatī wasiʿat kulla shayʾin, ʾan taghfira lī dhunūbī» [مو، مس، ق، ي].
“O Allah, by Your mercy that encompasses all things, I ask You to forgive my sins” [مو، مس، ق، ي].
فَإِنْ أَفْطَرَ عِنْدَ قَوْمٍ قَالَ: «أَفْطَرَ عِنْدَكُمُ الصَّائِمُونَ، وَأَكَلَ طَعَامَكُمُ الْأَبْرَارُ، وَصَلَّتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ» [ق، حب، د].
fa-ʾin ʾafṭara ʿinda qawmin qāla: «ʾafṭara ʿindakumu al-ṣāʾimūna, wa-ʾakala ṭaʿāmakumu al-ʾabrāru, wa-ṣallat ʿalaykumu al-malāʾikatu» [ق، حب، د].
If he breaks his fast with some people, he should say, “May those who fast break their fast with you, may the righteous eat your food, and may the angels invoke blessings upon you” [ق، حب، د].
وَإِذَا حَضَرَ الطَّعَامُ:
wa-ʾidhā ḥaḍara al-ṭaʿāmu:
When food is served:
فَلْيُسَمِّ اللَّهَ، وَلْيَأْكُلْ مِمَّا يَلِيهِ بِيَمِينِهِ [خ، م، ت، س]؛ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَسْتَحِلُّ الطَّعَامَ الَّذِي لَا يُذْكَرُ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ [م، د، س].
fa-lyusammi Allāha, wa-lyaʾkul mimmā yalīhi biyamīnihi [خ، م، ت، س]; fa-ʾinna al-shayṭāna yastaḥillu al-ṭaʿāma alladhī lā yudhkaru ismu Allāhi ʿalayhi [م، د، س].
He should mention Allah's name and eat with his right hand from what is nearest him [خ، م، ت، س], for Satan deems lawful the food over which Allah's name is not mentioned [م، د، س].
قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّا نَأْكُلُ وَلَا نَشْبَعُ. قَالَ: «فَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَأْكُلُونَ مُتَفَرِّقِينَ؟» قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «فَاجْتَمِعُوا عَلَى طَعَامِكُمْ، وَاذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ، يُبَارَكْ لَكُمْ فِيهِ» [ق، د، مس].
qālū: yā rasūla Allāhi, ʾinnā naʾkulu wa-lā nashbaʿu. qāla: «fa-laʿallakum taʾkulūna mutafarriqīna?» qālū: naʿam. qāla: «fa-ijtamiʿū ʿalā ṭaʿāmikum, wa-udhkurū isma Allāhi, yubārak lakum fīhi» [ق، د، مس].
They said, “O Messenger of Allah, we eat but are not satisfied.” He asked, “Perhaps you eat separately?” They said, “Yes.” He said, “Gather together over your food and mention Allah's name; it will be blessed for you” [ق، د، مس].
(١) قَالَ هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ أَحَدُ رُوَاةِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: «إِنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالصَّلَاةِ هُنَا الدُّعَاءُ». وَيَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ قَوْلُهُ: وَدَعَا وَبَارَكَ: أَيْ دَعَا لِصَاحِبِ الدَّعْوَةِ، وَبَارَكَ: أَيْ دَعَا لَهُ بِالْبَرَكَةِ.
(1) qāla hishāmu bnu ḥassāna ʾaḥadu ruwāti hādhā al-ḥadīthi: «ʾinna al-murāda bi-l-ṣalāti hunā al-duʿāʾu». wa-yadullu ʿalayhi qawluhu: wa-daʿā wa-bāraka: ʾay daʿā liṣāḥibi al-daʿwati, wa-bāraka: ʾay daʿā lahu bi-l-barakati.
(1) Hisham ibn Hassan, one of the narrators of this hadith, said, “What is meant by prayer here is supplication.” This is indicated by the words “supplicate and invoke blessing”: that is, supplicate for the host and ask that he be blessed.
(٢) قَوْلُهُ: الظَّمَأُ: هُوَ شِدَّةُ الْعَطَشِ، وَقَوْلُهُ: وَابْتَلَّتِ الْعُرُوقُ: يَعْنِي بِمَا وَصَلَ إِلَيْهَا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ فَيَذْهَبُ عَنْهَا مَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْجَفَافِ بِانْقِطَاعِهَا بِالصَّوْمِ.
(2) qawluhu: al-ẓamaʾu: huwa shiddatu al-ʿaṭashi, wa-qawluhu: wa-ibtallati al-ʿurūqu: yaʿnī bimā waṣala ʾilayhā mina al-ṭaʿāmi wa-l-sharābi fa-yadhhabu ʿanhā mā kāna fīhā mina al-jafāfi bi-inqiṭāʿihā bi-l-ṣawmi.
(2) “Thirst” means intense thirst. “The veins are moistened” means by the food and drink that reach them, removing the dryness caused by their deprivation during the fast.
(٣) أَيْ يَجْعَلُهُ حَلَالًا، لِأَنَّهُ مَمْنُوعٌ مِنْهُ بِفِعْلِ الشَّرْعِ، فَإِذَا تَرَكَ الْأَكْلَ الشَّرْعِيَّ بِعَدَمِ التَّسْمِيَةِ جَعَلَ الشَّيْطَانُ ذَلِكَ ذَرِيعَةً لِاسْتِحْلَالِ طَعَامِهِ.
(3) ʾay yajʿaluhu ḥalālan, liʾannahu mamnūʿun minhu bifiʿli al-sharʿi, fa-ʾidhā taraka al-ʾakla al-sharʿiyya biʿadami al-tasmiyati jaʿala al-shayṭānu dhālika dharīʿatan li-istiḥlāli ṭaʿāmihi.
(3) That is, Satan deems it lawful. Sacred Law bars him from it, but when a person abandons the prescribed manner of eating by failing to mention Allah's name, Satan uses that as a means to deem the food lawful for himself.
وَأَمَرَ ﷺ الصَّحَابَةَ فِي الشَّاةِ الْمَسْمُومَةِ الَّتِي أَهْدَتْهَا إِلَيْهِ الْيَهُودِيَّةُ أَنْ: «اذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ، وَكُلُوا»، فَأَكَلُوا، فَلَمْ يُصِبْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ شَيْءٌ [مس].
wa-ʾamara ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam al-ṣaḥābata fī al-shāti al-masmūmati allatī ʾahdathā ʾilayhi al-yahūdiyyatu ʾan: «udhkurū isma Allāhi, wa-kulū», fa-ʾakalū, fa-lam yuṣib ʾaḥadan minhum shayʾun [مس].
Regarding the poisoned sheep given to him by the Jewish woman, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed the Companions: “Mention Allah's name and eat.” They ate, and none of them was harmed [مس].
وَفِي حَدِيثِ مَسِيرِهِ، وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ إِلَى بَيْتِ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ، وَأَكْلِهِمُ الرُّطَبَ، وَاللَّحْمَ، وَشُرْبِهِمُ الْمَاءَ، قَوْلُهُ ﷺ: «إِنَّ هَذَا هُوَ النَّعِيمُ الَّذِي تُسْأَلُونَ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»، فَلَمَّا كَبُرَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ:
wa-fī ḥadīthi masīrihi, wa-ʾabī bakrin, wa-ʿumara ʾilā bayti ʾabī al-haythami, wa-ʾaklihimu al-ruṭaba, wa-l-laḥma, wa-shurbihimu al-māʾa, qawluhu ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam: «ʾinna hādhā huwa al-naʿīmu alladhī tusʾalūna ʿanhu yawma al-qiyāmati», fa-lammā kabura ʿalā ʾaṣḥābihi qāla:
In the account of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Abu Bakr, and Umar walking to the home of Abu al-Haytham, eating fresh dates and meat, and drinking water, he said, “This is indeed the comfort about which you will be questioned on the Day of Resurrection.” When this weighed heavily on his Companions, he said:
«إِذَا أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَ هَذَا، وَضَرَبْتُمْ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ، فَقُولُوا: بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، وَعَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللَّهِ، فَإِذَا شَبِعْتُمْ فَقُولُوا: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي هُوَ أَشْبَعَنَا، وَأَرْوَانَا، وَأَنْعَمَ عَلَيْنَا، وَأَفْضَلَ؛ فَإِنَّ هَذَا كَفَافُ هَذَا» [مس].
«ʾidhā ʾaṣabtum mithla hādhā, wa-ḍarabtum bi-ʾaydīkum, fa-qūlū: bi-ismi Allāhi, wa-ʿalā barakati Allāhi, fa-ʾidhā shabiʿtum fa-qūlū: al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī huwa ʾashbaʿanā, wa-ʾarwānā, wa-ʾanʿama ʿalaynā, wa-ʾafḍala; fa-ʾinna hādhā kafāfu hādhā» [مس].
“When you obtain something like this and put your hands to it, say, ‘In the name of Allah and with Allah's blessing.’ When you are satisfied, say, ‘All praise is due to Allah, who has satisfied us, quenched our thirst, favored us, and bestowed bounty upon us.’ This suffices in return for that” [مس].
وَإِنْ نَسِيَ التَّسْمِيَةَ أَوَّلَ الطَّعَامِ فَلْيَقُلْ:
wa-ʾin nasiya al-tasmiyata ʾawwala al-ṭaʿāmi fa-lyaqul:
If he forgets to mention Allah's name at the start of the meal, he should say:
«بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ أَوَّلَهُ وَآخِرَهُ» [د، ت، س، حب، مس].
«bi-ismi Allāhi ʾawwalahu wa-ʾākhirahu» [د، ت، س، حب، مس].
“In the name of Allah at its beginning and its end” [د، ت، س، حب، مس].
وَإِنْ أَكَلَ مَعَ مَجْذُومٍ، أَوْ ذِي عَاهَةٍ قَالَ:
wa-ʾin ʾakala maʿa majdhūmin, ʾaw dhī ʿāhatin qāla:
If he eats with someone afflicted by leprosy or another ailment, he should say:
«بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، ثِقَةً بِاللَّهِ وَتَوَكُّلًا عَلَيْهِ» [ت، د، ق، حب، مس، ي].
«bi-ismi Allāhi, thiqatan bi-llāhi wa-tawakkulan ʿalayhi» [ت، د، ق، حب، مس، ي].
“In the name of Allah, trusting in Allah and relying upon Him” [ت، د، ق، حب، مس، ي].
فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنَ الْأَكْلِ وَالشُّرْبِ قَالَ:
fa-ʾidhā faragha mina al-ʾakli wa-l-shurbi qāla:
When he finishes eating and drinking, he should say:
«اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ حَمْدًا» («الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ حَمْدًا» [ت، س، ق]) «كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ، غَيْرَ مَكْفِيٍّ، وَلَا مُوَدَّعٍ، وَلَا مُسْتَغْنًى عَنْهُ رَبَّنَا» [خ، عه].
«Allāhumma laka al-ḥamdu ḥamdan» («al-ḥamdu li-llāhi ḥamdan» [ت، س، ق]) «kathīran ṭayyiban mubārakan fīhi, ghayra makfiyyin, wa-lā muwaddaʿin, wa-lā mustaghnan ʿanhu rabbanā» [خ، عه].
“O Allah, to You belongs abundant praise” (variant: “All praise is due to Allah—praise” [ت، س، ق]), “wholesome and blessed, for our Lord can never be adequately repaid, abandoned, or dispensed with” [خ، عه].
«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي كَفَانَا وَأَرْوَانَا، غَيْرَ مَكْفِيٍّ وَلَا مَكْفُورٍ» [خ].
«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī kafānā wa-ʾarwānā, ghayra makfiyyin wa-lā makfūrin» [خ].
“All praise is due to Allah, who has sufficed us and quenched our thirst. He cannot be adequately repaid, nor may His blessings be denied” [خ].
«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَطْعَمَنَا، وَسَقَانَا، وَجَعَلَنَا مُسْلِمِينَ» [عه، ي].
«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī ʾaṭʿamanā, wa-saqānā, wa-jaʿalanā muslimīna» [عه، ي].
“All praise is due to Allah, who fed us, gave us drink, and made us Muslims” [عه، ي].
(١) هُوَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ جَابِرٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ مَجْذُومٍ فَأَدْخَلَهَا مَعَهُ فِي الْقَصْعَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: كُلْ بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ، ثِقَةً بِاللَّهِ وَتَوَكُّلًا عَلَيْهِ.
(1) huwa min ḥadīthi jābirin ʾanna rasūla Allāhi ṣallā Allāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam ʾakhadha biyadi majdhūmin fa-ʾadkhalahā maʿahu fī al-qaṣʿati, thumma qāla: kul bi-ismi Allāhi, thiqatan bi-llāhi wa-tawakkulan ʿalayhi.
(1) This is from Jabir's hadith: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took the hand of a man afflicted with leprosy and placed it with his own in the serving dish. He then said, “Eat in the name of Allah, trusting in Allah and relying upon Him.”
وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُخَالِفُ الْأَحَادِيثَ الْوَارِدَةَ فِي الْفِرَارِ مِنَ الْمَجْذُومِ، فَيُحْمَلُ هَذَا عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَتَأَثَّرْ بِالْأَكْلِ مَعَ الْمَجْذُومِ، وَلَا تُدَاخِلُهُ الْأَوْهَامُ.
wa-hādhā al-ḥadīthu yukhālifu al-ʾaḥādītha al-wāridata fī al-firāri mina al-majdhūmi, fa-yuḥmalu hādhā ʿalā man lam yataʾaththar bi-l-ʾakli maʿa al-majdhūmi, wa-lā tudākhiluhu al-ʾawhāmu.
This hadith conflicts with the hadiths commanding flight from a leper. It is therefore understood to apply to one who is not adversely affected by eating with a leper and is not troubled by fearful imaginings.
(٢) قَوْلُهُ: وَلَا مُوَدَّعٍ: بِفَتْحِ الدَّالِ اسْمُ مَفْعُولٍ، وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُ مُحْتَاجٌ إِلَيْهِ غَيْرُ مَتْرُوكِ الطَّلَبِ وَالرَّغْبَةِ إِلَيْهِ. وَقَوْلُهُ: وَلَا مُسْتَغْنًى عَنْهُ: الْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُ مُحْتَاجٌ إِلَيْهِ غَيْرُ مُسْتَغْنًى عَنْهُ.
(2) qawluhu: wa-lā muwaddaʿin: bifatḥi al-dāli ismu mafʿūlin, wa-l-maʿnā ʾannahu muḥtājun ʾilayhi ghayru matrūki al-ṭalabi wa-l-raghbati ʾilayhi. wa-qawluhu: wa-lā mustaghnan ʿanhu: al-maʿnā ʾannahu muḥtājun ʾilayhi ghayru mustaghnan ʿanhu.
(2) The expression “not abandoned,” with a fatḥah on the dāl and in the passive form, means that He is needed and that seeking and longing for Him are never forsaken. “Nor dispensed with” likewise means that He is needed and can never be done without.
(٣) قَوْلُهُ: وَلَا مَكْفُورٍ: أَيْ وَلَا مَجْحُودِ النِّعَمِ الَّتِي أَنْعَمَ بِهَا عَلَى عِبَادِهِ، بَلْ هُوَ مَشْكُورٌ. وَقَوْلُهُ: غَيْرَ مَكْفِيٍّ: لَا يَقُومُ مَقَامَ شَيْءٍ.
(3) qawluhu: wa-lā makfūrin: ʾay wa-lā majḥūdi al-niʿami allatī ʾanʿama bihā ʿalā ʿibādihi, bal huwa mashkūrun. wa-qawluhu: ghayra makfiyyin: lā yaqūmu maqāma shayʾin.
(3) “Nor denied” means that the blessings He has bestowed upon His servants are not denied; rather, He is thanked for them. “Not adequately repaid” means that nothing can take His place.
«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَطْعَمَ، وَسَقَى، وَسَوَّغَهُ، وَجَعَلَ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا» [د، س، حب].
«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī ʾaṭʿama, wa-saqā, wa-sawwaghahu, wa-jaʿala lahu makhrajan» [د، س، حب].
“All praise is due to Allah, who gave food and drink, made it easy to swallow, and provided it a way out” [د، س، حب].
«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَطْعَمَنِي هَذَا الطَّعَامَ، وَرَزَقَنِيهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَوْلٍ مِنِّي وَلَا قُوَّةٍ» [د، ت، ق، مس، ي].
«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī ʾaṭʿamanī hādhā al-ṭaʿāma, wa-razaqanīhi min ghayri ḥawlin minnī wa-lā quwwatin» [د، ت، ق، مس، ي].
“All praise is due to Allah, who fed me this food and provided it for me without any power or strength on my part” [د، ت، ق، مس، ي].
وَإِذَا أَكَلَ الطَّعَامَ فَلْيَقُلْ:
wa-ʾidhā ʾakala al-ṭaʿāma fa-lyaqul:
After eating, let him say:
«اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِيهِ، وَأَطْعِمْنَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ».
«Allāhumma bārik lanā fīhi, wa-ʾaṭʿimnā khayran minhu».
“O Allah, bless it for us and feed us something better than it”.
فَإِنْ كَانَ لَبَنًا فَلْيَقُلْ: «اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِيهِ، وَزِدْنَا مِنْهُ» [د، ت، ق].
fa-ʾin kāna labanan fa-lyaqul: «Allāhumma bārik lanā fīhi, wa-zidnā minhu» [د، ت، ق].
If it is milk, let him say: “O Allah, bless it for us and give us more of it” [د، ت، ق].
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَرْضَى عَنِ الْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الْأَكْلَةَ فَيَحْمَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا، أَوْ يَشْرَبَ الشَّرْبَةَ فَيَحْمَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا» [م، ت، س، ي].
«ʾinna Allāha layarḍā ʿani al-ʿabdi ʾan yaʾkula al-ʾaklata fa-yaḥmadahu ʿalayhā, ʾaw yashraba al-sharbata fa-yaḥmadahu ʿalayhā» [م، ت، س، ي].
“Indeed, Allah is pleased with a servant who eats a meal and praises Him for it, or drinks a drink and praises Him for it” [م، ت، س، ي].
وَإِذَا غَسَلَ يَدَهُ:
wa-ʾidhā ghasala yadahu:
And after washing his hand:
«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي يُطْعِمُ وَلَا يُطْعَمُ، مَنَّ عَلَيْنَا فَهَدَانَا، وَأَطْعَمَنَا، وَسَقَانَا، وَكُلَّ بَلَاءٍ حَسَنٍ أَبْلَانَا، الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ غَيْرَ مُوَدَّعٍ، وَلَا مُكَافَأٍ، وَلَا مَكْفُورٍ، وَلَا مُسْتَغْنًى عَنْهُ،
«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī yuṭʿimu wa-lā yuṭʿamu, manna ʿalaynā fa-hadānā, wa-ʾaṭʿamanā, wa-saqānā, wa-kulla balāʾin ḥasanin ʾablānā, al-ḥamdu li-llāhi ghayra muwaddaʿin, wa-lā mukāfaʾin, wa-lā makfūrin, wa-lā mustaghnan ʿanhu,
“All praise is due to Allah, who feeds and is not fed; He has bestowed His favor upon us, guided us, fed us, given us drink, and granted us every good blessing. All praise is due to Allah—a praise never abandoned, never adequately repaid, never denied, and never dispensable.
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَطْعَمَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ، وَسَقَى مِنَ الشَّرَابِ، وَكَسَا مِنَ الْعُرْيِ، وَهَدَى مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ، وَبَصَّرَ مِنَ الْعَمَى، وَفَضَّلَ عَلَى كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ تَفْضِيلًا، الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ» [س، حب، مس].
al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī ʾaṭʿama mina al-ṭaʿāmi, wa-saqā mina al-sharābi, wa-kasā mina al-ʿuryi, wa-hadā mina al-ḍalālati, wa-baṣṣara mina al-ʿamā, wa-faḍḍala ʿalā kathīrin mimman khalaqa tafḍīlan, al-ḥamdu li-llāhi rabbi al-ʿālamīna» [س، حب، مس].
All praise is due to Allah, who gave us food to eat, drink to drink, clothing for our nakedness, guidance from error, sight after blindness, and favored us greatly over many of those He created. All praise is due to Allah, Lord of all worlds” [س، حب، مس].
«اللَّهُمَّ أَشْبَعْتَ وَأَرْوَيْتَ فَهَنِّئْنَا، وَرَزَقْتَنَا فَأَكْثَرْتَ، وَأَطَبْتَ فَزِدْنَا» [مو، مص].
«Allāhumma ʾashbaʿta wa-ʾarwayta fa-hanniʾnā, wa-razaqtanā fa-ʾaktharta, wa-ʾaṭabta fa-zidnā» [مو، مص].
“O Allah, You have satisfied our hunger and quenched our thirst, so make it wholesome for us. You have provided for us abundantly and given us what is good, so grant us more” [مو، مص].
وَيَدْعُو لِأَهْلِ الطَّعَامِ:
wa-yadʿū li-ʾahli al-ṭaʿāmi:
And he should pray for those who provided the meal:
«اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِيمَا رَزَقْتَهُمْ، فَاغْفِرْ لَهُمْ (فَارْحَمْهُمْ)» [م، ت، س، مص].
«Allāhumma bārik lahum fīmā razaqtahum, fa-ighfir lahum (fa-irḥamhum)» [م، ت، س، مص].
“O Allah, bless them in what You have provided them, and forgive them (and have mercy on them)” [م، ت، س، مص].
«اللَّهُمَّ أَطْعِمْ مَنْ أَطْعَمَنِي، وَاسْقِ مَنْ سَقَانِي» [م].
«Allāhumma ʾaṭʿim man ʾaṭʿamanī, wa-isqi man saqānī» [م].
“O Allah, feed whoever fed me, and give drink to whoever gave me drink” [م].
مَا يُقَالُ فِي اللِّبَاسِ
mā yuqālu fī al-libāsi
What to Say Regarding Clothing
وَإِذَا لَبِسَ شَيْئًا قَالَ:
wa-ʾidhā labisa shayʾan qāla:
When he puts on something, he should say:
«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِهِ وَخَيْرِ مَا هُوَ لَهُ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهِ وَشَرِّ مَا هُوَ لَهُ» [ي].
«Allāhumma ʾinnī ʾasʾaluka min khayrihi wa-khayri mā huwa lahu, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min sharrihi wa-sharri mā huwa lahu» [ي].
“O Allah, I ask You for its good and the good for which it was made, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil for which it was made” [ي].
(١) أَدْخَلَهُ بِسُهُولَةٍ.
(1) ʾadkhalahu bisuhūlatin.
(1) That is, He made it pass down easily.
وَإِنْ كَانَ جَدِيدًا سَمَّاهُ بِاسْمِهِ: عِمَامَةً، أَوْ قَمِيصًا، أَوْ غَيْرَهُ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ، أَنْتَ كَسَوْتَنِيهِ، أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهُ وَخَيْرَ مَا صُنِعَ لَهُ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهِ وَشَرِّ مَا صُنِعَ لَهُ» [د، ت، س، حب].
wa-ʾin kāna jadīdan sammāhu bi-ismihi: ʿimāmatan, ʾaw qamīṣan, ʾaw ghayrahu, thumma yaqūlu: «Allāhumma laka al-ḥamdu, ʾanta kasawtanīhi, ʾasʾaluka khayrahu wa-khayra mā ṣuniʿa lahu, wa-ʾaʿūdhu bika min sharrihi wa-sharri mā ṣuniʿa lahu» [د، ت، س، حب].
If it is new, he names the garment—a turban, shirt, or something else—and then says: “O Allah, to You belongs all praise. You clothed me with it. I ask You for its good and the good for which it was made, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil for which it was made” [د، ت، س، حب].
«الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ كَسَانِي مَا أُوَارِي بِهِ عَوْرَتِي، وَأَتَجَمَّلُ بِهِ فِي حَيَاتِي» [ت، ق، مص، مس].
«al-ḥamdu li-llāhi kasānī mā ʾuwārī bihi ʿawratī, wa-ʾatajammalu bihi fī ḥayātī» [ت، ق، مص، مس].
“All praise is due to Allah, who clothed me with that by which I cover my nakedness and adorn myself in my life” [ت، ق، مص، مس].
«وَمَنْ لَبِسَ ثَوْبًا فَقَالَ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي كَسَانِي هَذَا وَرَزَقَنِيهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ حَوْلٍ مِنِّي وَلَا قُوَّةٍ، غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ» [د، ت، ق، مس]، «وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ» [د].
«wa-man labisa thawban fa-qāla: al-ḥamdu li-llāhi alladhī kasānī hādhā wa-razaqanīhi min ghayri ḥawlin minnī wa-lā quwwatin, ghufira lahu mā taqaddama min dhanbihi» [د، ت، ق، مس], «wa-mā taʾakhkhara» [د].
“Whoever puts on a garment and says, ‘All praise is due to Allah, who clothed me with this and provided it for me without any power or strength on my part,’ will have his past sins forgiven” [د، ت، ق، مس], “and his later sins” [د].
وَإِذَا رَأَى عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ ثَوْبًا جَدِيدًا قَالَ لَهُ:
wa-ʾidhā raʾā ʿalā ṣāḥibihi thawban jadīdan qāla lahu:
When he sees his companion wearing a new garment, he says to him:
«تُبْلِي وَيُخْلِفُ اللَّهُ» [د، مص]، «أَبْلِ وَأَخْلِقْ، ثُمَّ أَبْلِ وَأَخْلِقْ، ثُمَّ أَبْلِ وَأَخْلِقْ» [خ، د].
«tublī wa-yukhlifu Allāhu» [د، مص], «ʾabli wa-ʾakhliq, thumma ʾabli wa-ʾakhliq, thumma ʾabli wa-ʾakhliq» [خ، د].
“May you wear it out, and may Allah replace it” [د، مص]; “Wear it out and wear it threadbare; wear it out and wear it threadbare; wear it out and wear it threadbare” [خ، د].
فَإِذَا خَلَعَ ثِيَابَهُ:
fa-ʾidhā khalaʿa thiyābahu:
When he takes off his clothes:
فَسِتْرُ مَا بَيْنَ أَعْيُنِ الْجِنِّ وَعَوْرَتِهِ أَنْ يَقُولَ: «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ» [مص، ي].
fa-sitru mā bayna ʾaʿyuni al-jinni wa-ʿawratihi ʾan yaqūla: «bi-ismi Allāhi» [مص، ي].
The screen between the eyes of the jinn and his nakedness is to say: “In the name of Allah” [مص، ي].
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